ADF

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Morocco launched its first observation satellite, which will be used for military activities, border and coastline surveillance, and monitoring desertification. The Mohammed VI-A satellite was launched from Kourou, French Guiana, on November 8, 2017. It will be piloted from an operating center near Morocco’s capital, Rabat. The launch service provider Arianespace says the satellite will be used for mapping, spatial planning, agricultural monitoring, natural disaster management and environmental development monitoring. Airbus Defense & Space and Thales Alenia Space built the satellite. A second launch was planned for 2018. The project cost has not been disclosed.

BBC NEWS AT BBC.CO.UK/NEWS Patrick Awuah left Ghana in the 1980s with “$50 in his pocket” after receiving a scholarship in the United States. But after a career with Microsoft, he returned to Ghana and has now won the Wise Prize, worth $500,000. The prize, awarded at the World Innovation Summit for Education in Qatar, recognized Awuah’s work as founder of Ashesi University College. The private, not-for-profit college was intended to help develop a new generation of leaders in Ghana and other African countries. Ashesi opened with 30 students in 2002 and is now teaching 800 students on a campus…

BBC NEWS AT BBC.CO.UK/NEWS A 709-carat diamond discovered by a Sierra Leonean pastor sold for $6.5 million at auction in December 2017. Called “the peace diamond,” it is the 14th-largest diamond ever found and the biggest found in Sierra Leone since 1972. The diamond was expected to sell for far more, but experts said the market was down at the time of the sale, and they also were concerned that it would not cut and polish into large, high-quality jewels. Emmanuel Momoh, a Christian pastor in the eastern Kono district, discovered the precious stone. He chose to hand it over to…

VOICE OF AMERICA A reality TV show that celebrates honest civil servants in corruption-plagued countries has grown to reach new audiences in Mali and Liberia. It aims to enlist the public’s help in fighting graft. Integrity Idol asks the public to nominate model civil servants and then vote for their favorite by text message after the finalists appear on national TV and radio. The show launched in Nepal in 2014 and has since spread to Liberia, Mali, Nigeria and Pakistan. In the finals in December 2017 in the West African nations of Liberia and Mali, a nursing instructor and a teacher…

ADF STAFF For the sixth consecutive time since 2003, Somaliland’s citizens participated in multiparty and largely peaceful elections. The voting was certified as free and fair by 60 international observers, and the results were accepted by all three parties who entered candidates. Just as notably, in a world first, the November 2017 elections employed pioneering iris-recognition technology to register and identify voters. Somaliland has 704,000 registered voters out of a population of about 3.5 million. Biometric iris recognition uses pattern recognition techniques based on high-resolution images of the irises of the eyes. Because of its low margin of error and…

REUTERS Checkered shirts for the American chain Gap. Slate leggings for Swedish store H&M. Twill shorts for Germany’s Tchibo. They are among a growing list of clothes being stitched together for big brands in Ethiopia. As labor, raw material and tax costs rise in China — the world’s dominant textiles producer — the Horn of Africa country is scrambling to offer an alternative and compete against established low-cost garment makers such as Bangladesh and Vietnam. Since the industry is still young, most of the clothing companies sourcing production in Ethiopia are testing the waters with small volumes. But the government…

AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE Coffee is making a comeback in Ghana, both as a crop and as a popular beverage. Ghana is known mostly for cocoa, its biggest crop. It is the second-largest cocoa exporter in the world behind neighboring Côte d’Ivoire. Production of coffee, which was introduced to Ghana in the 18th century, trails in comparison. But it has rebounded in recent years, thanks to a growing overseas demand and a blossoming domestic market that is giving farmers hope of growing a major cash crop. A collapse in the price of coffee in the 1980s caused many Ghanaian farmers to abandon…

AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE Burkina Faso is now home to West Africa’s biggest solar farm, a 33-megawatt plant in the town of Zaktubi, outside the capital, Ouagadougou. The 55-hectare farm, built at a cost of $56.7 million, is expected to power tens of thousands of households in the country. The solar plant is made up of 130,000 polycrystalline silicon panels. According to the energy website The Agility Effect, the region has plenty of sunshine and little rain. The Harmattan, a wind from the northeast that is often dry and dust-laden, will require the panels to be cleaned frequently, as opposed to once…

ADF STAFF The world recognizes Nelson Mandela as the father of post-apartheid South Africa, but he always acknowledged he had help. One of his key partners was Oliver Tambo. For nearly three decades, the two men led the fight against apartheid from distinct places — Mandela from a prison cell and Tambo from exile. Mandela described Tambo as “my partner, my comrade, my friend and my colleague.” Tambo was born in 1917 to peasant farmers. A good student, he attended mission schools and won a scholarship to Fort Hare University, which had become a center of political activism. Mandela, who…

CLUES The Portuguese built this structure from 1593 to 1596. It sits on the edge of a coral ridge. The structure marks Western civilization’s first successful attempt to rule Indian Ocean trade routes. Between 1631 and 1895, this structure was captured and recaptured nine times by warring states. ANSWER Fort Jesus, Mombasa, Kenya