ADF

The Rwanda Defence Force is extending its military presence in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado province, where terrorists attacked more than 500 times between January and August 2025. Analysts say Mozambican forces are overstretched and insufficiently equipped to contain the insurgent campaign, led by the Islamic State Mozambique (ISM), which in late 2025 ramped up attacks on military positions and civilian areas in the Mocímboa da Praia and Palma districts. Terrorists also have attacked some districts in the neighboring Nampula and Niassa provinces, prompting Mozambique’s call for additional external military support. In response, Rwanda has deployed fresh troops, airlift assets and logistics…

Sudan’s paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on January 15 pursued rival Sudanese Armed Forces-affiliated (SAF) militias from the Darfur region into Chad and attacked a Chadian Army camp, killing seven soldiers and destroying combat vehicles. The attack came after a week of fighting in the Sudanese town of Tine, North Darfur State, one of the last areas in the region where fighting between the RSF and SAF continues. On December 26, two Chadian Soldiers were killed in a strike on an Army camp by a drone originating from Sudan, two days after the RSF briefly seized the North Darfur border…

At 32 years old, Claude Hakorimana has witnessed firsthand how his native Rwanda has become one of the continent’s success stories in clamping down on poaching and wildlife trafficking. At 14, he began hunting buffalo, wild boar and zebra from a community bordering Volcanoes National Park. Poaching was how his family and many others survived. Then local leaders, government officials and conservationists began educating the surrounding communities, explaining a host of issues. They explained the legal ramifications of poaching and trading wildlife parts, enforcement measures, and the long-term damage caused by poaching to wildlife, tourism and local livelihoods. “We were…

The Tigray Defence Forces (TDF) on January 26 entered the disputed Ethiopian territory of Tselemt in the northwestern Tigray region, clashing with federal troops and militias from the neighboring Amhara region. Three days later, the TDF moved into Korem and Alamata in southern Tigray’s contested Raya district, without apparent federal resistance, the International Crisis Group reported. The federal government then canceled all flights to the region and on January 31 conducted two drone strikes in central Tigray. This prompted analysts to warn that continued fighting in Tigray could ignite another war. Tigray, the northernmost region of Ethiopia, has been in…

Armed groups in the Sahel are exploiting tensions between the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Alliance of Sahel States (AES) as they continue to expand their reach in West Africa. Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger left ECOWAS in 2024, and the countries’ leaders announced that they would form their own mutual defense pact to fight insurgents. Analysts say the ongoing absence of AES countries from regional organizations has allowed terror organizations to thrive across West Africa. Intensifying Terrorism The ISSP, Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) and other Boko Haram splinter factions are driving the violence that has been…

With a rapidly growing online population and historically weak cyber defenses, African nations are on the front line of cyberattacks. That position makes them a warning beacon and a potential model for developing methods to confront such attacks. “Africa has a unique opportunity to lead in combatting new threats, helping to shape the future of cyber defense,” Kerissa Varma, Microsoft’s chief security advisor for Africa, wrote in a recent analysis. Africa’s online infrastructure is bombarded daily with hundreds of thousands of attempted cyberattackswith Ethiopia, Nigeria and South Sudan reporting the most attacks in 2025. South Sudan’s rapidly expanding internet footprint…

A Nigerien rebel group has attacked oil production infrastructure, which could weaken the country’s finances and threaten its ruling junta’s grip on power. Created in 2024, the Patriotic Movement for Freedom and Justice (MPLJ) has gained strength through a series of attacks on Africa’s largest pipeline, which stretches nearly 2,000 kilometers from Niger’s oil-rich eastern deserts to Benin’s coast. The rebels’ primary targets are two Chinese oil companies that represent the main source of income for the junta and its leader, Gen. Abdourahamane Tiani. “Destroying the pipeline means destroying General Tiani,” MPLJ leader Moussa Kounaï told Jeune Afrique magazine for…

The Botswana Defence Force (BDF) in mid-January received nearly $1 million worth of spare parts for its fleet of C-130 Hercules military transport aircraft. The delivery included 26 pallets containing 12,000 items of brand-new maintenance equipment, including seals, hydraulic components, avionics spares, specialized ground support and propeller maintenance equipment. The BDF typically uses the aircraft, widely known as “the workhorse of the skies,” for troop transport, disaster relief, medical evacuation, and to support regional and international peacekeeping deployments. The C-130H is considered one of the most versatile and widely operated military transport aircraft in the world. Consistent access to spare…

The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) captured more than 10 South Sudanese citizens as part of the fight to retake the North Kordofan community of Kazigil in late December 2025. The South Sudanese were fighting on the side of the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which has taken parts of the Kordofan region on the border with South Sudan in recent months. The involvement of South Sudanese fighters on the side of the RSF prompted the Sudanese government to contact its counterparts in South Sudan regarding its citizens. The SAF has claimed since late 2024 that armed groups from South Sudan…

Forests cover nearly half of Cameroon, but they are being rapidly degraded by illegal logging operations that feed China’s appetite for tropical lumber. Cameroon has granted companies from around the world nearly 100 timber concessions to cut and ship logs legally. However, international observers say that many more logging operations occur unofficially, resulting in a loss of millions of dollars in resources and revenue each year. Cameroonian legislation adopted in 1994 regulates logging through quotas and requires companies to reforest logged areas. Illegal logging is undercutting all of that, according to analysts. “While observers focus their attention on legal logging,…