ADF

REUTERS West African neighbors Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire aim to settle a long-running dispute over their maritime boundary. The move could defuse sometimes-tense relations between the countries and smooth the way for oil and gas exploration. The countries have never officially defined the boundary, and their maps showing offshore waters currently overlap. Oil exploration in Africa’s Gulf of Guinea has accelerated since Ghana discovered its giant Jubilee oil and gas field in 2007 and brought it online in record time in late 2010. The field is estimated to hold 2 billion barrels of oil reserves and another 1.2 trillion cubic…

THOMSON REUTERS FOUNDATION Asolar-powered mosquito trap is helping lower the incidence of malaria on Rusinga Island in Western Kenya. The device, invented by Kenyan and Dutch researchers, uses a solar roof panel to power an electric fan and mosquito zapper, installed on the outside of traditional tin-roofed mud and daub houses. Nylon strips, laced with artificial human scent, draw mosquitoes to the trap, and the fan sucks them into the device, the researchers said. Dr. Shanaz Sharif, Kenya’s director of public health, predicted the device could help “reduce the burden of public spending toward treating malaria, which is about $100…

AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE Pioneering doctor Denis Mukwege has called for zero tolerance of rape in his native Democratic Republic of the Congo, where tens of thousands of women have been brutally attacked by the army and militia members. “I think we have drawn a red line [for some war crimes] but when it comes to using rape as a weapon of war, we equivocate,” he said in November 2013. Mukwege, who was in Stockholm to receive the Right Livelihood Award, has set up a hospital and foundation to treat rape victims. Women are frequent targets in conflict-torn eastern DRC, and the…

THE EASTAFRICAN Strong foreign investor participation in 2013 pushed regional stock markets in Africa to performance records. Most investors who put their money in the stock markets got handsome returns, especially at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE), which closed 2013 as the best-performing market in Africa and fourth best in the world. Data analyzed by The EastAfrican indicates that investors showed a strong appetite for companies in the financial, manufacturing and investment sectors. “With relatively stable macro-economic factors, the country as a whole is poised for growth,” according to Old Mutual Securities. “However, a smooth transition which began [in 2012]…

AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE At a November 2013 summit in Kampala, Uganda, five East African countries signed a protocol to establish a monetary union, a first step toward creating a single currency. Leaders from Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda inked the framework to set up a single market modeled after the eurozone. In addition to using a single currency, the East African Monetary Union is designed to result in the free movement of workers, goods, services and capital within the five countries, which have a combined population of 135 million. It would also lead to the creation of a customs union…

AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE From the sky, the 84 glimmering white turbines at Ashegoda wind farm shoot up from the ground like huge spokes, standing out high amid vast expanses of yellow wheat. Ethiopia’s northern Tigray region, mostly populated by cattle farmers who grow the country’s staple grains, is an unlikely site for a modern French-run wind farm, Sub-Saharan Africa’s largest. With its multibillion-dollar projects in wind, hydropower, solar and geothermal energy, Ethiopia’s pioneering green energy efforts aim to supply power to its nearly 94 million people and boost its economy by exporting power to neighboring countries. “Ethiopia stands alone in Africa…

REUTERS Deep in the bowels of the giant Inga hydroelectric dam that straddles the mighty Congo River stands a fading map named “The motorways of electric power from Inga.” From a dot in the western Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), lines extend across the African continent. They run south through Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa, and north to Sudan and Libya, reaching as far as Morocco. For decades, governments dreamed of harnessing the Congo River’s enormous energy at the Inga rapids with an expansion of the dam that is large enough to power half of Africa. Years of conflict…

A recently translated letter written 1,800 years ago shows that a Soldier’s life then was much like a Soldier’s life now. The Egyptian Soldier, Aurelius Polion, wrote the letter while serving as a volunteer in the Roman Legion, in the Pannonia Inferior province in eastern Europe. He was probably posted in what is now western Hungary. Polion wrote the letter to his mother, his sister and his brother. In it, he frets that they are not keeping in touch with him. “I am worried about you because although you received letters from me often, you never wrote back to me…

CLUES The walls that surround this city were built between the 13th and 16th centuries. It is said to be the fourth-holiest city of Islam. It has 82 mosques and 102 shrines. Today, 368 narrow alleys provide access to townhouses packed inside the city walls. In a nighttime ritual, men feed hyenas outside the city’s walls. ANSWER: Harar Jugol, a fortified historic town in Ethiopia

U.S. Africa Command Staff Not all security threats involve weapons. From droughts to earthquakes to floods, disasters across the globe often are deadlier and less predictable than warfare. Africa is no exception. From 1980 to 2008, there were 77 events categorized as disasters affecting nearly 600,000 people each year and causing more than $100 million in annual economic damage to the continent. When disaster strikes, security forces are usually the first to respond. They have planes to deliver aid, helicopters to rescue those who are stranded, medical personnel to provide emergency aid, and engineers to repair roads and bridges. They…