ADF

ADF STAFF As the civil war in Sudan raged into its ninth month, the Sudanese Armed Forces faced allegations of targeting civilians based on ethnicity. A 24-year-old man using the pseudonym Osman Arbab told Al Jazeera that he and his younger brother were on a bus outside the northeastern town of Atbara when military intelligence stopped the bus and asked if any passengers were from Darfur, in western Sudan, or Kordofan, in the south. The cities are considered strongholds of the Sudanese Armed Forces’ (SAF) rival, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). The Arbabs are Kordorfan natives but had not lived…

ADF STAFF South African troops working with the Southern African Development Community (SADC) have been deployed to the conflict-ridden eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) since December, raising concerns among some South African military observers. The decision to deploy the troops was reached at an SADC summit in May 2023. The SADC force, known as the SADC Mission in DRC (SAMIDRC), includes troops from Malawi and Tanzania. The troops are tasked with countering more than 120 rebel groups, including the notoriously violent M23, which in late 2023 launched deadly new attacks near the Rwanda border. It controls several roads…

ADF STAFF Drug confiscations at Ethiopia’s Addis Ababa Bole International Airport have more than doubled over the past year, an indication of Ethiopia’s growing role as a hub of drugs moving from South America to Europe and southern Asia. The Ethiopia Customs Commission says that drug trafficking into Ethiopia grew by 254% while trafficking out of Ethiopia grew by 163% over the past 11 months. The value of the trafficked materials, which included cocaine, heroin and other drugs, more than doubled from about $80 million to nearly $190 million between July 2022 and July 2023. “Smugglers are working hard to…

ADF STAFF About 75% of the world’s industrial fishing vessels are not publicly tracked, with many of them hiding their positions at sea by turning off their automatic identification systems (AIS). The practice, known as “going dark,” mostly is concentrated in West and North Africa and South Asia, according to a new report by Nature magazine. Researchers determined this by using artificial intelligence, collecting AIS data and analyzing 2 million gigabytes of satellite data from the European Space Agency between 2017 and 2021. Global Fishing Watch spearheaded the Nature study. “These previously invisible vessels radically changed our knowledge about the…

ADF STAFF Sub-Saharan Africa in 2023 emerged as the region with the highest number of terrorist attacks worldwide, a new report finds. The International Institute for Strategic Studies’ (IISS) Armed Conflict Survey 2023 tracked the political, military and humanitarian dimensions of armed conflicts globally from May 2022 to June 2023. During that period, continental fatalities due to terrorist violence increased by 48%, and the number of violent incidents increased by 22% over the previous time frame. “The situation and conflict landscape has gotten significantly worse in the last decade and a half,” Benjamin Petrini, IISS research fellow for conflict, security…

ADF STAFF What began as Ethiopia’s aspiration to regain access to the Red Sea turned into a threat of force against its coastal neighbors in late 2023 and is now fueling fears of war. Last year, critics in the Horn of Africa region denounced Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s thinly veiled statements as intimidation. He has called his landlocked country’s borders a “geographic prison” and referred to the Red Sea as Ethiopia’s “natural boundary.” He has urged Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia to negotiate port access in order “to ensure lasting peace.” “We want to get a port by peaceful means,…

ADF STAFF Days after the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) took control of Sudan’s second-largest city, the militia’s leader launched a diplomatic tour of East African countries in an attempt, observers say, to portray himself as a viable leader. Gen. Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo visited Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda on a tour that echoed a similar trip his rival, Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, had made a few weeks before as both men tried to rally regional players to their side of the conflict. Hemedti also visited Ghana and South Africa. “Hemedti desperately needs people to feel that the RSF…

ADF STAFF The United Arab Emirates’ support for the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan’s civil war is drawing criticism from observers who say it is fanning the flames of violence. The UAE’s support for RSF leader Gen. Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo has played a key role in his battlefield successes, according to Giorgio Cafiero, CEO of Gulf State Analytics risk consultancy. In mid-December 2023, RSF fighters took over Wad Madani, the capital of Gezira State in Sudan’s agricultural heartland, with little resistance from the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF). The city southeast of Khartoum had been a refuge for people…

ADF STAFF As commander of the Nigerian Army’s Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), Maj. Gen. Kevin Aligbe believes that Soldiers should constantly be working to get better. That is why the army continuously reviews its education modules, which was the primary goal of its annual five-day conference at TRADOC headquarters in Minna, Niger State, from January 8 to 12. “Without training, you cannot fight,” he said during the conference. “The doctrine gives us the latitude and spirit about how we should fight. When you train properly based on the doctrine, which is also something that comes from experience from past…

ADF STAFF Growing up in internally displaced persons camps in northern Uganda in the 1980s, Hakim Owiny was surrounded by armed conflict. There was suffering all around, but the sting of disinformation seared into his memory. Rumors spread that the people in the camps were violent, and those false characterizations fueled further waves of violence, division and unrest. Today, Owiny is a 37-year-old civic educator who works in his Lamwo district community to teach young people about the benefits of inclusive dialogue and the dangers of disinformation. “Disinformation is one of the most destructive camouflaged lethal weapons among people living…