{"id":35974,"date":"2022-10-04T13:37:12","date_gmt":"2022-10-04T17:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=35974"},"modified":"2022-10-04T13:38:04","modified_gmt":"2022-10-04T17:38:04","slug":"investigador-sul-africano-oferece-plano-para-ajudar-a-proteger-interesses-maritimos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2022\/10\/investigador-sul-africano-oferece-plano-para-ajudar-a-proteger-interesses-maritimos\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigador Sul-Africano Oferece Plano para Ajudar a Proteger Interesses Mar\u00edtimos"},"content":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF<\/p>\n

Da energia ao transporte mar\u00edtimo, turismo e pescas, o oceano desempenha um grande papel na economia sul-africana.<\/p>\n

Mas, enquanto o pa\u00eds espera expandir este sector, um investigador da Universidade de Stellenbosch afirma que \u00e9 tempo de se desenvolver uma melhor estrat\u00e9gia para proteg\u00ea-lo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Um processo de tr\u00eas passos pode ajudar o pa\u00eds a proteger as suas \u00e1guas e refor\u00e7ar a sua economia azul, Francois Vre\u00ff, um professor em\u00e9rito de ci\u00eancias militares da universidade, escreveu num artigo de opini\u00e3o publicado no The Conversation.<\/p>\n

O primeiro passo seria criar um processo orientado pelo governo que inclui um \u201c\u00f3rg\u00e3o de altos quadros\u201d e principais actores. Em segundo lugar, Vre\u00ff argumentou que o pa\u00eds deve fazer o mapeamento dos activos mar\u00edtimos e as amea\u00e7as que estes enfrentam. O terceiro passo seria criar uma estrat\u00e9gia mar\u00edtima nacional.<\/p>\n

Vre\u00ff escreveu que acredita que o \u201cDocumento-Quadro dos Interesses Nacionais Sul-Africanos que se encontra a evoluir e os seus avan\u00e7os num ambiente global<\/em><\/a><\/span>\u201d<\/em> bem como o seu Plano de Desenvolvimento Nacional s\u00e3o muito vagos no que diz respeito a quest\u00f5es mar\u00edtimas. Um plano divulgado em 2014, conhecido como Opera\u00e7\u00e3o Phakisa, visava causar um crescimento da economia azul em 250% a 350%. Mas Vre\u00ff acredita que mais deve ser feito em termos de seguran\u00e7a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTenho d\u00favidas que venha a existir qualquer vontade pol\u00edtica actual para elevar a quest\u00e3o da seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima para o interesse e agenda da seguran\u00e7a,\u201d Vre\u00ff disse \u00e0 ADF num e-mail.<\/p>\n

A pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada (INN) \u00e9 um flagelo na \u00c1frica Austral assim como o \u00e9 em muitas zonas costeiras do continente. Na \u00c1frica do Sul, a pesca ilegal est\u00e1 a dizimar as unidades populacionais de abalone, lagosta e outras esp\u00e9cies marinhas que antes eram abundantes.<\/p>\n

Assim como noutros pa\u00edses costeiros, as embarca\u00e7\u00f5es envolvidas na pesca INN, na \u00c1frica do Sul, de forma rotineira navegam em \u00e1guas proibidas, pescam enormes quantidades de peixe \u2014 muitas vezes, com equipamento il\u00edcito \u2014 depois transferem as capturas para embarca\u00e7\u00f5es maiores e de tamanho industrial para longe do mar.<\/p>\n

A pesca INN lesa aquele pa\u00eds em bilh\u00f5es de rands, prejudica os ecossistemas de cr\u00edtica import\u00e2ncia para a sobreviv\u00eancia da vida marinha e deixa os pescadores artesanais com redes vazias. As capturas ilegais da \u00c1frica do Sul, muitas vezes, s\u00e3o exportadas para Hong Kong.<\/p>\n

Vre\u00ff n\u00e3o acredita que a \u00c1frica do Sul enfrente os mesmos n\u00edveis de pesca ilegal enfrentados pela \u00c1frica Ocidental, que tem sido alvo de grandes embarca\u00e7\u00f5es industriais, na sua maioria provenientes da China, h\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas.<\/p>\n

\u201cE tamb\u00e9m os territ\u00f3rios do nosso oceano possuem uma patrulha muito fraca,\u201d disse Vre\u00ff \u00e0 ADF. \u201cDe forma inerente, a nossa localiza\u00e7\u00e3o geogr\u00e1fica desempenha um papel, assim como o fazem as condi\u00e7\u00f5es do oceano ant\u00e1rctico, mas a \u00c1frica do Sul possui uma capacidade limitada de realizar patrulha das suas \u00e1guas para prevenir a pesca ilegal e outros crimes mar\u00edtimos.\u201d<\/p>\n

Um pa\u00eds que assumiu uma abordagem proactiva para a seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima \u00e9 as Seicheles. Aquele pa\u00eds insular esteve na vanguarda em processar e prender os piratas da \u00c1frica Oriental, fortaleceu a sua pequena guarda costeira, assinou acordos e fez alian\u00e7as com poderes estrangeiros e colaborou com outros pa\u00edses africanos para combater a criminalidade.<\/p>\n

At\u00e9 2019, por exemplo, o Centro Regional de Opera\u00e7\u00f5es de Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o (RCOC) das Seicheles, que, na ess\u00eancia, realiza ac\u00e7\u00f5es de controlo de cumprimento da lei de forma conjunta no mar, estava a trabalhar arduamente com o Centro de Fus\u00e3o de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o Mar\u00edtima Regional, com sede em Madag\u00e1scar, que partilha informa\u00e7\u00e3o mar\u00edtima e alerta o RCOC de actividades suspeitas no mar.<\/p>\n

Vre\u00ff tamb\u00e9m argumentou que a \u00c1frica do Sul teria benef\u00edcios em formar um Departamento de Assuntos Mar\u00edtimos, conforme aconteceu no Gana, embora a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um Conselho Consultivo que se subordina ao presidente fosse provavelmente uma abordagem inicial mais vi\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n

\u201cO dom\u00ednio mar\u00edtimo \u00e9 muit\u00edssimo importante para se deixar num conjunto de declara\u00e7\u00f5es vagas e amplas como o documento-quadro da \u00c1frica do Sul,\u201d escreveu Vre\u00ff no The Conversation. \u201cOs interesses nacionais claramente articulados com uma sustenta\u00e7\u00e3o mar\u00edtima deviam informar uma estrat\u00e9gia nacional de seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima.\u201d<\/p>\n

Vre\u00ff disse \u00e0 ADF que duvida que os problemas de seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima da \u00c1frica do Sul sejam resolvidos em breve.
\n
\n<\/span>\u201cMas a intransig\u00eancia pol\u00edtica e a neglig\u00eancia a longo prazo assim como o n\u00e3o cometimento n\u00e3o significam que os planos, acordos e programas regulamentares e estrat\u00e9gicos devem ser deixados para colherem p\u00f3, n\u00e3o serem actualizados ou colocados em vigor onde s\u00e3o ausentes,\u201d argumentou Vre\u00ff.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF Da energia ao transporte mar\u00edtimo, turismo e pescas, o oceano desempenha um grande papel na economia sul-africana. Mas, enquanto o pa\u00eds espera expandir este sector, um investigador da Universidade de Stellenbosch afirma que \u00e9 tempo de se desenvolver uma melhor estrat\u00e9gia para proteg\u00ea-lo. Um processo de tr\u00eas passos pode ajudar o pa\u00eds<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":35972,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[824,1030],"class_list":{"0":"post-35974","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-pesca-illegal","9":"tag-pirataria"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nInvestigador Sul-Africano Oferece Plano para Ajudar a Proteger Interesses Mar\u00edtimos - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/2022\/10\/south-african-researcher-offers-plan-to-help-protect-maritime-interests\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Investigador Sul-Africano Oferece Plano para Ajudar a Proteger Interesses Mar\u00edtimos - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"EQUIPA DA ADF Da energia ao transporte mar\u00edtimo, turismo e pescas, o oceano desempenha um grande papel na economia sul-africana. 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