{"id":22498,"date":"2021-03-10T14:48:28","date_gmt":"2021-03-10T19:48:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=22498"},"modified":"2021-03-10T14:48:55","modified_gmt":"2021-03-10T19:48:55","slug":"pesca-ilegal-ameaca-a-populacao-de-tubaroes-do-congo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2021\/03\/pesca-ilegal-ameaca-a-populacao-de-tubaroes-do-congo\/","title":{"rendered":"Pesca Ilegal Amea\u00e7a a Popula\u00e7\u00e3o de Tubar\u00f5es do Congo"},"content":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Justine Tinou recordou-se de quando a praia de Pointe-Noire, uma cidade portu\u00e1ria da Rep\u00fablica do Congo, ficava perfilada de sardinha, atum, tubar\u00f5es e raias \u00e0 espera de serem adquiridos, processados e vendidos.<\/p>\n

Isso foi h\u00e1 cerca de 20 anos quando a ind\u00fastria de pesca do pa\u00eds estava no auge. Actualmente, gra\u00e7as ao fluxo de entrada de arrast\u00f5es industriais estrangeiros, a praia fica quase vazia no final do dia de pesca.<\/p>\n

As esp\u00e9cies mais pequenas de peixe j\u00e1 h\u00e1 muito foram objecto de pesca excessiva e o n\u00famero de tubar\u00f5es e raias foi diminuindo drasticamente, amea\u00e7ando, desta forma, os meios de subsist\u00eancia daqueles que dependem da ind\u00fastria de pesca, esgotando uma fonte importante de prote\u00edna animal e prejudicando o ecossistema.<\/p>\n

Pescadores locais disseram \u00e0 BBC que as suas capturas agora s\u00e3o, na ess\u00eancia, de peixe juvenil \u2014 um sinal de que as pr\u00e1ticas actuais de pesca s\u00e3o insustent\u00e1veis.<\/p>\n

\u201cA pesca artesanal j\u00e1 foi rent\u00e1vel, mas agora n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais,\u201d Tinou, que vende peixe defumado num mercado de Pointe-Noire, disse \u00e0 BBC. \u201cOs pre\u00e7os subiram devido \u00e0 escassez de peixe. O tubar\u00e3o e o atum \u2014 ambos andam mais escassos agora. Mesmo a sardinha, que antes era t\u00e3o abundante, n\u00e3o se v\u00ea mais.\u201d<\/p>\n

O pescador local, Alain Pangou, disse que um barco artesanal podia capturar at\u00e9 100 tubar\u00f5es por dia. Depois, chegaram n\u00fameros cada vez mais crescentes de arrast\u00f5es industriais.<\/p>\n

“Estes dias \u00e9 mais complicado,\u201d disse Pangou.<\/p>\n

A captura de tubar\u00f5es e raias come\u00e7ou a intensificar-se por volta do ano 2000, motivado pela demanda por barbatanas no Leste e no Sudeste da \u00c1sia, <\/em>Jean-Michael Dziengue, oficial de programas da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o La Bou\u00e9e Couronne, disse \u00e0 TRAFFIC.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cHouve trabalhadores de barcos asi\u00e1ticos que come\u00e7aram a ter interesse pelo com\u00e9rcio de barbatanas,\u201d disse Dziengue, num filme produzido pela TRAFFIC, uma rede de monitoria de com\u00e9rcio de produtos provenientes da fauna bravia. \u201cO tubar\u00e3o passou a ser muito procurado no Congo. Existe toda uma ind\u00fastria \u00e0 volta de tubar\u00f5es. A pesca de pequena escala encontra-se sob press\u00e3o. Por um lado, existem plataformas de petr\u00f3leo e, por outro, a pesca industrial. Elas impedem as actividades dos pescadores de pequena escala.\u201d<\/p>\n

Embora a maior parte da carne de tubar\u00e3o e de raia seja vendida e consumida internamente, quase todas as barbatanas s\u00e3o exportadas, muitas das quais retiradas de esp\u00e9cies identificadas pela Conven\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o Com\u00e9rcio Internacional das Esp\u00e9cies da Fauna e Flora Silvestres Amea\u00e7adas de Extin\u00e7\u00e3o (CITES). Um estudo da TRAFFIC concluiu que n\u00e3o existe comprovativos de exporta\u00e7\u00e3o que estejam em conformidade com os regulamentos da CITES.<\/p>\n

Embora a China tenha registado um total de 131.594 quilogramas de barbatanas de tubar\u00e3o secas provenientes do Congo, entre 2005 e 2019, n\u00e3o existem registos de exporta\u00e7\u00e3o de barbatanas nos dados do sector de pescas a n\u00edvel nacional ou nos dados das alf\u00e2ndegas, revelou o estudo. A China \u00e9 o pior infractor das normas da pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada (INN) e a suas frotas de pesca em \u00e1guas long\u00ednquas s\u00e3o dominantes na \u00c1frica Ocidental.<\/p>\n

As \u00e1guas do Congo est\u00e3o cheias apesar do decr\u00e9scimo da popula\u00e7\u00e3o de peixe. Existe uma frota activa de mais de 110 embarca\u00e7\u00f5es industriais e aproximadamente 700 barcos artesanais ao longo dos 169 quil\u00f3metros da linha da costa do Congo, excedendo, em grande medida, a capacidade da zona econ\u00f3mica exclusiva nacional de cerca de 30 embarca\u00e7\u00f5es industriais, demonstrou o relat\u00f3rio da TRAFFIC.<\/p>\n

A crescente zona de exclus\u00e3o do pa\u00eds, ao redor de plataformas petrol\u00edferas, tamb\u00e9m reduziu o tamanho da zona destinada \u00e0 pesca artesanal em quase dois ter\u00e7os, enquanto um fluxo de entrada de pessoas nas regi\u00f5es costeiras do pa\u00eds fez com que houvesse mais pescadores artesanais no mar, noticiou a BBC.<\/p>\n

Como em outras partes da \u00c1frica Ocidental, o Congo n\u00e3o possui recursos adequados de seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima. Um estudo feito pela Sociedade para a Biologia de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o demonstrou que at\u00e9 um ter\u00e7o das pescas do Congo ocorrem em zonas proibidas e que os arrast\u00f5es industriais estrangeiros representam cerca de 84% das actividades ilegais.<\/p>\n

A cont\u00ednua explora\u00e7\u00e3o excessiva de tubar\u00f5es e raias pode ter efeitos devastadores a longo prazo. A sua perda pode causar um dr\u00e1stico desequil\u00edbrio no ecossistema, que pode degradar os recifes de coral e destruir as algas marinhas que fornecem um habitat de estufa para os peixes juvenis, disse Steve Trent, director-executivo da Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Justi\u00e7a Ambiental.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs tubar\u00f5es e as raias s\u00e3o particularmente vulner\u00e1veis \u00e0 sobrepesca porque eles tendem a apresentar um crescimento lento, alcan\u00e7am tardiamente a maturidade sexual e possuem baixas taxas de reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o,\u201d disse Trent \u00e0 ADF<\/em>, num e-mail. \u201cNo mundo inteiro, um quarto de todas as esp\u00e9cies s\u00e3o classificadas como estando em perigo de extin\u00e7\u00e3o como resultado directo da sobrepesca.\u201d<\/p>\n

No ano passado, o minist\u00e9rio das pescas do Congo criou um centro de monitoria, controlo e vigil\u00e2ncia, num esfor\u00e7o para reduzir a pesca INN.<\/p>\n

Atrav\u00e9s de uma parceria com o CLS Group, uma empresa global de monitoria de pescas, as autoridades agora possuem maior acesso \u00e0 informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre licenciamento das embarca\u00e7\u00f5es e melhores sistemas de monitoria que lhes ajudam a determinar em tempo real se as embarca\u00e7\u00f5es est\u00e3o em zonas proibidas ou n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

\u201cDevemos ter muita cautela quanto ao n\u00famero de barcos de pesca,\u201d Henri Djombo, Ministro da Agricultura, Gado e Pescas do Congo, disse num comunicado de imprensa. \u201cApenas os barcos com uma licen\u00e7a de 2020 t\u00eam a permiss\u00e3o de pescar. A administra\u00e7\u00e3o deve garantir que estas disposi\u00e7\u00f5es sejam respeitadas e fazer com que os barcos que operam nas \u00e1guas mar\u00edtimas congolesas cumpram a lei.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF Justine Tinou recordou-se de quando a praia de Pointe-Noire, uma cidade portu\u00e1ria da Rep\u00fablica do Congo, ficava perfilada de sardinha, atum, tubar\u00f5es e raias \u00e0 espera de serem adquiridos, processados e vendidos. Isso foi h\u00e1 cerca de 20 anos quando a ind\u00fastria de pesca do pa\u00eds estava no auge. Actualmente, gra\u00e7as ao<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-22498","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPesca Ilegal Amea\u00e7a a Popula\u00e7\u00e3o de Tubar\u00f5es do Congo - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2021\/03\/pesca-ilegal-ameaca-a-populacao-de-tubaroes-do-congo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pesca Ilegal Amea\u00e7a a Popula\u00e7\u00e3o de Tubar\u00f5es do Congo - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"EQUIPA DA ADF Justine Tinou recordou-se de quando a praia de Pointe-Noire, uma cidade portu\u00e1ria da Rep\u00fablica do Congo, ficava perfilada de sardinha, atum, tubar\u00f5es e raias \u00e0 espera de serem adquiridos, processados e vendidos. 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