{"id":18720,"date":"2020-10-28T15:09:06","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T19:09:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=18720"},"modified":"2020-10-28T15:09:27","modified_gmt":"2020-10-28T19:09:27","slug":"pirataria-e-sequestros-aumentam-no-golfo-da-guine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2020\/10\/pirataria-e-sequestros-aumentam-no-golfo-da-guine\/","title":{"rendered":"Pirataria e Sequestros Aumentam no Golfo da Guin\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

A Princesa de Metano, um navio-tanque de transporte de g\u00e1s natural liquefeito, estava atracado ao largo de Malabo, Guin\u00e9 Equatorial, no dia 17 de Outubro quando piratas o atacaram. Eles ignoraram a carga e levaram algo mais valioso: dois membros da tripula\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Apesar de a pirataria ter reduzido a n\u00edvel global, ela est\u00e1 a aumentar no Golfo da Guin\u00e9. Os ataques aumentaram em 40% desde o in\u00edcio deste ano.<\/p>\n

Em contraste com o Golfo de \u00c1den, onde d\u00e9cadas de pirataria obrigaram tripula\u00e7\u00f5es a defenderem-se dos ataques, os navios no Golfo da Guin\u00e9 t\u00eam pouco armamento e est\u00e3o menos preparados para se defenderem dos assaltos de piratas, Onyekachi Adekoya, director-geral da PR24 Seguran\u00e7a, da Nig\u00e9ria, disse \u00e0 TVC News Nig\u00e9ria.<\/p>\n

A pandemia da COVID-19 mudou os padr\u00f5es dos piratas. A abund\u00e2ncia de petr\u00f3leo fez com que o seu valor baixasse como um pr\u00e9mio. Por isso, os piratas optaram por sequestros de tripulantes para pedir o resgate, recolhendo somas que chegam at\u00e9 50.000 d\u00f3lares por pessoa. O Golfo da Guin\u00e9 representou 90% dos sequestros em 2020, de acordo com o \u201cRelat\u00f3rio sobre Seguran\u00e7a e Transporte Mar\u00edtimo 2020\u201d, da Allianz Global Corporate & Security.<\/p>\n

Em Julho, piratas deixaram o Curacao Trader \u00e0 deriva depois de terem sequestrado 13 dos seus 19 tripulantes russos e ucranianos. A tripula\u00e7\u00e3o foi solta em Agosto, com a ajuda de oficiais nigerianos.<\/p>\n

Noventa por cento das importa\u00e7\u00f5es e exporta\u00e7\u00f5es africanas s\u00e3o feitas por via mar\u00edtima.<\/p>\n

\u201cO que est\u00e1 a acontecer no Golfo da Guin\u00e9 \u00e9 importante para todos aqui,\u201d Simeon Oyono Esono Angue, Ministro dos Neg\u00f3cios Estrangeiros da Guin\u00e9 Equatorial, disse ao Conselho de Seguran\u00e7a das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas, em 2019.<\/p>\n

Especialistas em seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima dizem que v\u00e1rios factores est\u00e3o em jogo no aumento da pirataria no Golfo da Guin\u00e9:<\/p>\n

O Quadro Jur\u00eddico<\/strong><\/p>\n

Em Agosto, a Nig\u00e9ria condenou os seus primeiros piratas ao abrigo de uma lei de combate \u00e0 pirataria promulgada em 2019. Os tr\u00eas homens pertenciam a uma gangue que sequestrou o petroleiro MV Elobey VI ao largo da Guin\u00e9 Equatorial e colocou um pre\u00e7o de resgate pela tripula\u00e7\u00e3o, no valor de 200.000 d\u00f3lares.<\/p>\n

Para que a luta contra a pirataria possa ser bem-sucedida, os vizinhos da Nig\u00e9ria devem seguir os seus passos, de acordo com o especialista em seguran\u00e7a, Thierry Vircoulon, que j\u00e1 ocupou cargos de chefia no Grupo Internacional da Crise e no Instituto Franc\u00eas de Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais.<\/p>\n

\u201cO trabalho da pol\u00edcia no mar requer um corpo de leis t\u00a0\u00e3o completo e complexo quanto ao da pol\u00edcia na terra,\u201d escreveu Vircoulon no Politique \u00c9trang\u00e8re<\/em>. \u201cTrabalho consider\u00e1vel tem de ser levado a cabo de modo a fazer com que as leis nacionais estejam actualizadas em todos Estados do Golfo da Guin\u00e9.\u201d<\/p>\n

Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o Regional<\/strong><\/p>\n

A Comiss\u00e3o do Golfo da Guin\u00e9 foi formada em 2001 para abordar quest\u00f5es de preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00fatua, incluindo a pirataria.<\/p>\n

Vinte e cinco pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental e Central assinaram o C\u00f3digo de Conduta de Yaound\u00e9, em 2013. Ele fornece a estrutura para a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00f5es conjuntas, partilha de intelig\u00eancia e uma harmoniza\u00e7\u00e3o de estruturas jur\u00eddicas. O c\u00f3digo inclui cinco zonas, dois centros regionais e um Centro de Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o Inter-regional que cobre 6.000 quil\u00f3metros de linha costeira e 12 portos principais.<\/p>\n

A Carta de Lom\u00e9 de 2016, da Uni\u00e3o Africana, instou as na\u00e7\u00f5es a trabalharem juntas para a seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima atrav\u00e9s do preenchimento das lacunas na capacidade de seguran\u00e7a umas das outras.<\/p>\n

O Que Acontece na Terra<\/strong><\/p>\n

A Carta de Lom\u00e9 promove a pesca artesanal e o desenvolvimento econ\u00f3mico para acabar com a pirataria antes de ela come\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

\u201cQuando falamos sobre quest\u00f5es relacionadas com a seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima, referimo-nos ao lado da terra,\u201d Adekoya disse \u00e0 TVC News Nig\u00e9ria. \u201cExistem v\u00e1rias quest\u00f5es que afectam o modo de vida normal das pessoas. Por isso, as pessoas est\u00e3o a ter de procurar formas de se defenderem sozinhas.\u201d<\/p>\n

A pesca ilegal praticada por enormes frotas de pesca industrial provenientes da China e de outros lugares prejudica os pescadores que trabalham no Golfo da Guin\u00e9, assim como a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental causada pela polui\u00e7\u00e3o das instala\u00e7\u00f5es petrol\u00edferas. \u00c0 medida que as capturas reduzem, os pescadores podem ficar desesperados e optarem pela pirataria, disse Adekoya.<\/p>\n

Na Confer\u00eancia Global de Seguran\u00e7a Mar\u00edtima de 2019, em Abuja, Nig\u00e9ria, os pa\u00edses participantes apelaram aos pa\u00edses do Golfo da Guin\u00e9 para cuidarem dos residentes das zonas costeiras cujos meios de sustento foram danificados.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c9 necess\u00e1rio lidar com as amea\u00e7as que v\u00eam do lado da terra,\u201d disse Adekoya.<\/p>\n

Le travail de police en mer requiert un corpus juridique aussi complet et complexe que celui de la police \u00e0 terre \u2026. \u00c0 ce titre, un travail consid\u00e9rable de mise \u00e0 niveau du droit national doit \u00eatre effectu\u00e9 dans tous les \u00c9tats du golfe de Guin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF A Princesa de Metano, um navio-tanque de transporte de g\u00e1s natural liquefeito, estava atracado ao largo de Malabo, Guin\u00e9 Equatorial, no dia 17 de Outubro quando piratas o atacaram. Eles ignoraram a carga e levaram algo mais valioso: dois membros da tripula\u00e7\u00e3o. Apesar de a pirataria ter reduzido a n\u00edvel global, ela<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18720","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPirataria e Sequestros Aumentam no Golfo da Guin\u00e9 - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2020\/10\/pirataria-e-sequestros-aumentam-no-golfo-da-guine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pirataria e Sequestros Aumentam no Golfo da Guin\u00e9 - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"EQUIPA DA ADF A Princesa de Metano, um navio-tanque de transporte de g\u00e1s natural liquefeito, estava atracado ao largo de Malabo, Guin\u00e9 Equatorial, no dia 17 de Outubro quando piratas o atacaram. 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