{"id":130786,"date":"2025-09-23T14:15:18","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T18:15:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=130786"},"modified":"2025-09-23T14:15:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T18:15:58","slug":"zambia-ainda-luta-contra-o-impacto-do-desastre-mineiro-chines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2025\/09\/zambia-ainda-luta-contra-o-impacto-do-desastre-mineiro-chines\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e2mbia Ainda Luta Contra o Impacto do Desastre Mineiro Chin\u00eas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mais de sete meses ap\u00f3s um derrame de res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos numa mina de propriedade chinesa ter causado um dos piores desastres ambientais da sua hist\u00f3ria, a Z\u00e2mbia ainda est\u00e1 a tentar determinar a extens\u00e3o total dos danos e a resposta necess\u00e1ria.<\/p>\n

As tentativas de minimizar a cat\u00e1strofe pela mina de cobre Sino-Metals Leach, propriedade do grupo estatal China Nonferrous Metals Industry Group, provocaram indigna\u00e7\u00e3o e, mais recentemente, uma resposta en\u00e9rgica do governo.<\/p>\n

Cinquenta milh\u00f5es de litros de res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos de minera\u00e7\u00e3o foram despejados no Rio Mwambashi, nos arredores da cidade mineira de Chambishi, no dia 18 de Fevereiro, quando um muro de terra abaixo do padr\u00e3o do reservat\u00f3rio de res\u00edduos da Sino-Metal desabou. As autoridades relataram sinais de polui\u00e7\u00e3o a mais de 100 quil\u00f3metros rio abaixo no Rio Kafue, a hidrovia mais importante do pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n

A vice-presidente da Z\u00e2mbia, Mutale Nalumango, visitou a mina e reuniu-se com as autoridades da Sino-Metals no dia 10 de Setembro. Ela confirmou o recebimento e a aloca\u00e7\u00e3o de 580.000 d\u00f3lares para indemnizar as v\u00edtimas, mas disse que o pagamento \u201cpode n\u00e3o ser tudo.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cEste \u00e9 um passo na direc\u00e7\u00e3o certa,\u201d disse num comunicado publicado nas redes sociais. \u201cNo entanto, a indemniza\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser orientada por uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o completa e independente.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Uma vista a\u00e9rea mostra a ruptura de uma barragem na mina de cobre da Sino-Metals Leach Zambia, perto de Kitwe, em Fevereiro de 2025. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Em Abril, a Sino-Metals contratou a empresa sul-africana de controlo da polui\u00e7\u00e3o Drizit Environmental para avaliar os danos. Quando a Drizit notificou o governo da Z\u00e2mbia e a Sino-Metals sobre as suas conclus\u00f5es em Junho, a Sino-Metals despediu a empresa um dia antes da data prevista para a entrega do relat\u00f3rio final.<\/p>\n

\u201cEmbora a Sino Metals tenha inicialmente relatado que apenas 50.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas de res\u00edduos foram derramadas, o trabalho de campo da Drizit indicou que mais de 1,5 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas foram libertadas, com aproximadamente 900.000 metros c\u00fabicos de res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos ainda presentes no ambiente,\u201d afirmou a empresa num comunicado de 29 de Agosto. \u201cVerificou-se que estes materiais continham n\u00edveis perigosos de cianeto, ars\u00e9nico, cobre, zinco, chumbo, cromo, c\u00e1dmio e outros poluentes que representam riscos significativos para a sa\u00fade a longo prazo, incluindo danos em \u00f3rg\u00e3os, malforma\u00e7\u00f5es cong\u00e9nitas e cancro.\u201d<\/p>\n

Duas organiza\u00e7\u00f5es que representam as v\u00edtimas informaram que est\u00e3o a solicitar um acordo combinado de 420 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares em indemniza\u00e7\u00f5es de emerg\u00eancia da Sino-Metals e quase 90 bilh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares para limpeza e restaura\u00e7\u00e3o a longo prazo.<\/p>\n

Em Julho, o governo da Z\u00e2mbia ordenou que a Sino-Metals fornecesse uma compensa\u00e7\u00e3o provis\u00f3ria a 454 agricultores pelos danos causados ao gado, terras e colheitas. No final de Julho, a Sino-Metals come\u00e7ou a pagar a indiv\u00edduos entre 17 e 2.000 d\u00f3lares, valores muito abaixo do custo dos danos, segundo disseram os trabalhadores da sociedade civil local \u00e0 organiza\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental Inside Climate News (ICN).<\/p>\n

A Sino-Metals exigiu que os moradores locais assinassem documentos legais concordando que o pagamento era feito \u201ccomo liquida\u00e7\u00e3o total e definitiva de todas as reclama\u00e7\u00f5es decorrentes de quaisquer danos, les\u00f5es ou inconvenientes,\u201d de acordo com a ICN.<\/p>\n

O advogado que representa 47 fam\u00edlias que exigiram 220 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares para custos de realoca\u00e7\u00e3o, exames m\u00e9dicos independentes e tratamento, protestou: \u201cA maioria deles n\u00e3o sabia das implica\u00e7\u00f5es do que estavam a assinar,\u201d Malisa Batakathi disse \u00e0 ICN.<\/p>\n

Cerca de 12 milh\u00f5es de zambianos, 60% da popula\u00e7\u00e3o do pa\u00eds, vivem na bacia do Rio Kafue e dependem dele como fonte de \u00e1gua para pesca, irriga\u00e7\u00e3o e ind\u00fastria. O rio fornece \u00e1gua pot\u00e1vel para cerca de 5 milh\u00f5es de pessoas, incluindo residentes da capital, Lusaka.<\/p>\n

Nos \u00faltimos meses, duas embaixadas emitiram avisos de viagem sobre a polui\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua e do ar. Uma an\u00e1lise da qualidade da \u00e1gua publicada em Julho pela Embaixada da Finl\u00e2ndia confirmou a presen\u00e7a de 24 metais pesados no riacho Mwambashi e no Rio Kafue.<\/p>\n

Testes independentes realizados em tr\u00eas locais, incluindo um a quase 100 quil\u00f3metros a jusante do Rio Kafue, perto da cidade de Mpongwe, revelaram concentra\u00e7\u00f5es perigosamente elevadas de metais pesados, 16 dos quais excediam os limites de seguran\u00e7a da Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o Mundial de Sa\u00fade.<\/p>\n

\u201cA menos que os res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos restantes sejam removidos e armazenados com seguran\u00e7a numa instala\u00e7\u00e3o devidamente projectada, as comunidades a jusante permanecer\u00e3o em risco durante d\u00e9cadas,\u201d disse Drizit.<\/p>\n

Nalumango fez uma advert\u00eancia quando se reuniu com os respons\u00e1veis da Sino-Metals e os alertou que o processo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o dos danos ambientais e do seu impacto nas v\u00edtimas zambianas est\u00e1 incompleto, e que as quest\u00f5es de repara\u00e7\u00e3o e retribui\u00e7\u00e3o ainda est\u00e3o por determinar.<\/p>\n

\u201cQuando h\u00e1 um clamor do nosso povo, a seguran\u00e7a dele deve vir em primeiro lugar. Isso n\u00e3o \u00e9 negoci\u00e1vel,\u201d disse. \u201cSe os danos \u00e0 terra e aos meios de subsist\u00eancia se revelarem mais extensos ou duradouros do que se pensava inicialmente, ent\u00e3o ser\u00e1 necess\u00e1ria uma compensa\u00e7\u00e3o adicional, e ela ser\u00e1 exigida.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mais de sete meses ap\u00f3s um derrame de res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos numa mina de propriedade chinesa ter causado um dos piores desastres ambientais da sua hist\u00f3ria, a Z\u00e2mbia ainda est\u00e1 a tentar determinar a extens\u00e3o total dos danos e a resposta necess\u00e1ria. As tentativas de minimizar a cat\u00e1strofe pela mina de cobre Sino-Metals Leach, propriedade do<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":130780,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[546,944,1040,870,734],"class_list":{"0":"post-130786","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-china-pt-pt","9":"tag-mineracao","10":"tag-poluicao","11":"tag-seguranca-da-agua","12":"tag-zambia-pt-pt"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nZ\u00e2mbia Ainda Luta Contra o Impacto do Desastre Mineiro Chin\u00eas - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/?p=130790\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Z\u00e2mbia Ainda Luta Contra o Impacto do Desastre Mineiro Chin\u00eas - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mais de sete meses ap\u00f3s um derrame de res\u00edduos t\u00f3xicos numa mina de propriedade chinesa ter causado um dos piores desastres ambientais da sua hist\u00f3ria, a Z\u00e2mbia ainda est\u00e1 a tentar determinar a extens\u00e3o total dos danos e a resposta necess\u00e1ria. 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