{"id":126102,"date":"2025-06-10T14:53:06","date_gmt":"2025-06-10T18:53:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=126102"},"modified":"2025-06-10T14:53:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T18:53:45","slug":"boko-haram-e-iswap-transformam-o-tiktok-em-arma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2025\/06\/boko-haram-e-iswap-transformam-o-tiktok-em-arma\/","title":{"rendered":"Boko Haram e ISWAP Transformam o TikTok em Arma"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00e1 uma nova frente na guerra contra o terrorismo na regi\u00e3o do Lago Chade: a plataforma de v\u00eddeos online TikTok.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1 muito tempo que os grupos terroristas utilizam as redes sociais em todo o mundo como arma para recrutamento, financiamento e comunica\u00e7\u00e3o. Na Bacia do Lago Chade, onde uma violenta insurg\u00eancia extremista assola desde 2009, o Boko Haram e a Prov\u00edncia do Estado Isl\u00e2mico na \u00c1frica Ocidental (ISWAP) passaram a usar o TikTok, a plataforma de v\u00eddeo desenvolvida na China, conhecida tanto pelas suas vulnerabilidades de seguran\u00e7a quanto pela sua popularidade entre os jovens.<\/p>\n

Ap\u00f3s meses de ganhos pelas for\u00e7as de seguran\u00e7a nigerianas, Abril viu ambos os grupos ressurgirem com ataques mortais em todo o Estado de Borno. Pelo menos 100 pessoas foram mortas, e o governador do Estado reclamou ter sido invadido.<\/p>\n

Nesse mesmo m\u00eas, a Agence France-Presse analisou v\u00eddeos facilmente acess\u00edveis no TikTok nos quais \u201caparentes jihadistas e seus apoiantes exibiam espingardas, granadas e pilhas de dinheiro.\u201d<\/p>\n

O analista de seguran\u00e7a Bulama Bukarti, investigador s\u00e9nior do Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, alertou que a ISWAP e o Boko Haram est\u00e3o a ganhar popularidade no TikTok.<\/p>\n

\u201cNeste momento, quando se entra no TikTok, v\u00eaem-se contas de membros do Boko Haram,\u201d disse numa entrevista \u00e0 Channels Television, no dia 20 de Abril. \u201cEles apresentam programas e shows ao vivo onde propagam a ideologia do Boko Haram. Eles justificam a viol\u00eancia do grupo, o que fazem na l\u00edngua Hausa. Eles respondem a perguntas do p\u00fablico e coment\u00e1rios escritos.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Screenshots do TikTok mostram contas de terroristas autoproclamados do Boko Haram ensinando as ideologias radicais do grupo durante sess\u00f5es ao vivo com os espectadores. TIKTOK<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cAinda esta semana, um membro do Boko Haram publicou um v\u00eddeo de 10 minutos no TikTok a atacar-me por me ter pronunciado contra o aumento da viol\u00eancia do grupo.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bukarti afirmou que o grupo est\u00e1 a \u201ccriar um sentimento perturbador de comunidade virtual.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAlguns dos seus v\u00eddeos pr\u00e9-gravados t\u00eam centenas de milhares de visualiza\u00e7\u00f5es,\u201d escreveu numa publica\u00e7\u00e3o de 17 de Abril na plataforma de redes sociais X. \u201cA este ritmo, \u00e9 apenas uma quest\u00e3o de tempo at\u00e9 que comecem a transmitir ataques ao vivo.\u201d<\/p>\n

Os grupos armados adoptaram o TikTok depois de as for\u00e7as de seguran\u00e7a terem reprimido o aplicativo de mensagens encriptadas Telegram, de acordo com o antigo terrorista Saddiku Muhammad.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs jihadistas perceberam que, para capturar as mentes dos jovens, precisam de falar com eles na linguagem que eles entendem, em vez dos estilos did\u00e1cticos e demag\u00f3gicos tradicionais, que s\u00e3o enfadonhos e pouco atraentes para eles,\u201d disse \u00e0 AFP. \u201cTudo indica que est\u00e1 a dar resultado. Eles est\u00e3o a chegar a potenciais jovens recrutas.\u201d<\/p>\n

A abordagem da ISWAP ao TikTok revela uma estrat\u00e9gia de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o mais polida e coordenada do que a do Boko Haram, segundo Malik Samuel, analista de seguran\u00e7a da Good Governance Africa, com sede em Abuja. Acrescentou que usar membros jovens para espalhar propaganda \u00e9 uma t\u00e1ctica comum do Boko Haram.<\/p>\n

\u201cAcredito que mostrar os seus rostos \u00e9 estrat\u00e9gico, para mostrar que n\u00e3o t\u00eam medo e para que o seu alvo saiba que est\u00e3o a interagir com pessoas reais,\u201d disse \u00e0 AFP.<\/p>\n

Um porta-voz do TikTok disse \u00e0 AFP que as suas directrizes comunit\u00e1rias \u201cn\u00e3o permitem a presen\u00e7a de organiza\u00e7\u00f5es ou indiv\u00edduos violentos e odiosos\u201d e que desactivou um n\u00famero n\u00e3o especificado de contas ligadas a organiza\u00e7\u00f5es terroristas. Mas o Boko Haram e a ISWAP est\u00e3o claramente a prosperar l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

A empresa-m\u00e3e do TikTok, ByteDance, embora n\u00e3o seja directamente detida pelo governo chin\u00eas, est\u00e1 sujeita \u00e0s leis chinesas, incluindo aquelas que exigem que as empresas cooperem com os esfor\u00e7os de intelig\u00eancia do governo. A probabilidade de Pequim aceder aos dados privados dos utilizadores do TikTok tem sido motivo de preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o de governos de todo o mundo.<\/p>\n

Zagazola Makama, especialista em combate ao terrorismo baseado no Estado de Borno que faz reportagens sobre a regi\u00e3o do Lago Chade, disse que a prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o do Boko Haram e da ISWAP no TikTok \u00e9 \u201cuma tend\u00eancia perigosa capaz de influenciar mentes vulner\u00e1veis, incitar o \u00f3dio contra o Estado e revigorar os canais de recrutamento do terrorismo, principalmente entre simpatizantes urbanos.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ele instou as autoridades nigerianas a expandir a sua capacidade de monitorar e derrubar a presen\u00e7a dos grupos na internet.<\/p>\n

\u201cO facto de simpatizantes do terrorismo poderem divulgar tais mensagens sem controlo \u00e9 uma acusa\u00e7\u00e3o flagrante \u00e0s nossas actuais capacidades de resposta digital\u201d, escreveu no seu site, no dia 18 de Maio. \u201cEsses indiv\u00edduos devem ser rastreados, as suas plataformas desmanteladas e o conte\u00fado removido sem demora.<\/p>\n

\u201cDevemos investir em ferramentas de vigil\u00e2ncia e intelig\u00eancia artificial de ponta para identificar esses propagandistas digitais. Eles s\u00e3o t\u00e3o perigosos quanto atiradores em campo. A frente de batalha mudou; a guerra moderna agora \u00e9 travada com balas e largura da banda.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e1 uma nova frente na guerra contra o terrorismo na regi\u00e3o do Lago Chade: a plataforma de v\u00eddeos online TikTok. H\u00e1 muito tempo que os grupos terroristas utilizam as redes sociais em todo o mundo como arma para recrutamento, financiamento e comunica\u00e7\u00e3o. Na Bacia do Lago Chade, onde uma violenta insurg\u00eancia extremista assola desde 2009,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":126095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[1207,499,1484,1020,874,453,1275,1139],"class_list":{"0":"post-126102","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-estado-islamico","9":"tag-extremismo","10":"tag-financiamento-ao-terrorismo","11":"tag-insurgencia","12":"tag-lago-chade","13":"tag-nigeria-pt-pt","14":"tag-recrutamento-de-terroristas","15":"tag-terrorism-pt-pt"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBoko Haram e ISWAP Transformam o TikTok em Arma - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/?p=126105\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boko Haram e ISWAP Transformam o TikTok em Arma - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u00e1 uma nova frente na guerra contra o terrorismo na regi\u00e3o do Lago Chade: a plataforma de v\u00eddeos online TikTok. 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