{"id":124345,"date":"2025-04-22T13:31:04","date_gmt":"2025-04-22T17:31:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=124345"},"modified":"2025-04-22T13:31:39","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T17:31:39","slug":"turquia-apoia-a-somalia-na-luta-contra-os-arrastoes-estrangeiros-ilegais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2025\/04\/turquia-apoia-a-somalia-na-luta-contra-os-arrastoes-estrangeiros-ilegais\/","title":{"rendered":"Turquia Apoia a Som\u00e1lia na Luta Contra os Arrast\u00f5es Estrangeiros Ilegais"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

A Turquia est\u00e1 a ajudar a refor\u00e7ar a luta da Som\u00e1lia contra a pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada e outros crimes mar\u00edtimos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Em 2024, os dois pa\u00edses assinaram um memorando de entendimento que estabeleceu as For\u00e7as Armadas Turcas como um parceiro de seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima e de fiscaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da lei com a Som\u00e1lia durante 10 anos. A Turquia concordou em reconstruir, equipar e treinar a Marinha da Som\u00e1lia, recebendo 30% das receitas geradas pela zona econ\u00f3mica exclusiva da Som\u00e1lia. Isso significa que os navios de guerra turcos poder\u00e3o em breve estar a patrulhar as \u00e1guas da Som\u00e1lia, escreveu o analista Ada Baser na Columbia Political Review.<\/p>\n

A Turquia tem um historial de ajuda ao refor\u00e7o do sector de seguran\u00e7a da Som\u00e1lia. Isso inclui a venda de drones, o treino de unidades de elite, o estabelecimento da base militar Camp TURKSOM e a participa\u00e7\u00e3o em ataques a\u00e9reos contra o al-Shabaab. Al\u00e9m disso, empresas turcas gerem o Aeroporto Internacional de Mogad\u00edscio e o Porto Mar\u00edtimo de Mogad\u00edscio.<\/p>\n

A promessa de Ancara de refor\u00e7ar a capacidade naval de Mogad\u00edscio \u201cdar\u00e1 provavelmente frutos \u2014 refor\u00e7ando a capacidade deste \u00faltimo para controlar a sua zona mar\u00edtima, apreender embarca\u00e7\u00f5es ilegais, travar o despejo de lixo t\u00f3xico e evitar a pirataria em colabora\u00e7\u00e3o com a marinha turca,\u201d os investigadores do Instituto de Estudos de Seguran\u00e7a (ISS) Samira Aden Abdi<\/a><\/span>e <\/span>Halkano Wario<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

escreveram para o projecto Enhancing Africa\u2019s Response to Transnational Organized Crime, ou ENACT.<\/span><\/p>\n

A pesca INN, muitas vezes, praticada por arrast\u00f5es industriais chineses, custa \u00e0 Som\u00e1lia 300 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares por ano e amea\u00e7a a subsist\u00eancia de cerca de 90.000 pescadores artesanais. A China comanda a maior frota de pesca em \u00e1guas long\u00ednquas do mundo e \u00e9, de longe, o pior infractor de pesca ilegal do mundo, de acordo com o \u00cdndice de Risco de Pesca INN. Entre as principais 10 empresas envolvidas na pesca ilegal, a n\u00edvel global, oito s\u00e3o provenientes da China.<\/p>\n

N\u00e3o \u00e9 s\u00f3 a China que est\u00e1 a pilhar as \u00e1guas somalis. Navios do Ir\u00e3o, Coreia do Sul, Espanha, Taiwan e outros pa\u00edses tamb\u00e9m operam l\u00e1 ilegalmente.<\/p>\n

Um investigador baseado em Mogad\u00edscio, que pediu anonimato, disse que os operadores de alguns navios estrangeiros obtiveram ilegalmente licen\u00e7as de pesca. \u201cN\u00e3o h\u00e1 forma de o governo saber quanto peixe foi capturado, uma vez que raramente apresentam relat\u00f3rios,\u201d o investigador disse ao ISS. \u201cEles processam o peixe e exportam para mercados internacionais.\u201d<\/p>\n

A emiss\u00e3o de licen\u00e7as de regi\u00f5es semiaut\u00f3nomas como a Puntl\u00e2ndia e a Somalil\u00e2ndia complica a fiscaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das licen\u00e7as de pesca. Por exemplo, o Minist\u00e9rio das Pescas e dos Recursos Marinhos da Puntl\u00e2ndia pode emitir licen\u00e7as de pesca por mais de um ano, o que \u00e9 mais longo do que a norma do governo federal da Som\u00e1lia, que \u00e9 de tr\u00eas meses.<\/p>\n

Em Dezembro de 2018, Abdillahi Bidhan, antido Ministro das Pescas da Som\u00e1lia, assinou um acordo de 1 milh\u00e3o de d\u00f3lares que permitia \u00e0s empresas chinesas pescar a menos de 24 milhas n\u00e1uticas das costas do pa\u00eds. O Minist\u00e9rio das Pescas e da Economia Azul da Som\u00e1lia disse ao ISS que o acordo seria renovado com base em avalia\u00e7\u00f5es anuais independentes das unidades populacionais. O acordo ainda est\u00e1 em vigor e os pescadores locais dizem ter visto arrast\u00f5es chineses que n\u00e3o respeitam a legisla\u00e7\u00e3o local.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs [arrast\u00f5es] aproximam-se tanto da costa quando est\u00e3o a pilhar peixe e est\u00e3o armados,\u201d Mohamud Khalid Hassan, um anci\u00e3o da cidade de Eyl, disse \u00e0 Al Jazeera. \u201cTudo o que podemos fazer \u00e9 ficar em terra e ver o que est\u00e1 a acontecer. Somos impotentes.\u201d<\/p>\n

Estes acordos tamb\u00e9m carecem de transpar\u00eancia, Mohamud Nur Hasan, membro da Subcomiss\u00e3o Parlamentar das Pescas e Recursos Naturais, disse ao ISS.<\/p>\n

A pesca ilegal levou ao decl\u00ednio do muito procurado atum albacora da Som\u00e1lia, que est\u00e1 quase a entrar em colapso. Em Setembro, as autoridades somalis revelaram novos procedimentos operacionais padr\u00e3o (SOP) para o licenciamento de embarca\u00e7\u00f5es de pesca do atum que operam na zona econ\u00f3mica de quase 1,1 milh\u00f5es de quil\u00f3metros quadrados do pa\u00eds, informou a Seafood Source. O plano visa ajudar a reduzir as actividades de pesca ilegal cometidas por embarca\u00e7\u00f5es semi-industriais e industriais, enquanto aumenta as oportunidades para os pescadores artesanais.<\/p>\n

\u201cEsta iniciativa visa promover pr\u00e1ticas de pesca sustent\u00e1veis, aumentar a transpar\u00eancia regulamentar e apoiar o desenvolvimento econ\u00f3mico local dentro das fronteiras mar\u00edtimas da Som\u00e1lia,\u201d o Director-geral das Pescas da Som\u00e1lia, Abdi Dirshe, disse \u00e0 Seafood Source. \u201cA introdu\u00e7\u00e3o desses SOP e dessas directrizes constitui um marco significativo nos esfor\u00e7os da Som\u00e1lia para regular a sua ind\u00fastria de pesca do atum de forma respons\u00e1vel.\u201d<\/p>\n

De acordo com o Servi\u00e7o de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do Parlamento Europeu, a pesca ilegal est\u00e1 ligada a outros crimes organizados transnacionais, incluindo o branqueamento de capitais, a corrup\u00e7\u00e3o e a escravatura a bordo de navios de pesca. Tamb\u00e9m tem sido citada como uma justifica\u00e7\u00e3o <\/a><\/span>para a pirataria.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

No final de Novembro de 2024, um bando de pescadores somalis armados e furiosos apoderou-se de um arrast\u00e3o de pesca chin\u00eas da frota Liao Dong Yu, a 30 milhas da costa, que operava ao abrigo de licen\u00e7as de pesca obtidas junto das autoridades semiaut\u00f3nomas da Puntl\u00e2ndia e que, por conseguinte, n\u00e3o era rastreado pelo Minist\u00e9rio das Pescas e da Economia Azul da Som\u00e1lia. De acordo com o Horn Observer, a licen\u00e7a do arrast\u00e3o foi obtida junto do Minist\u00e9rio das Pescas e dos Recursos Marinhos da Puntl\u00e2ndia em Setembro de 2020 e expirou em Setembro de 2024. Os sequestradores libertaram a embarca\u00e7\u00e3o e a sua tripula\u00e7\u00e3o de 18 homens em meados de Janeiro de 2025, mediante um pagamento de 2 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares.<\/span><\/p>\n

Um dos sequestradores disse \u00e0 Al Jazeera que ele e os outros pescadores n\u00e3o eram piratas, mas sim membros de \u201cuma comunidade sitiada,\u201d acusando os navios chineses de pesca predat\u00f3ria e de amea\u00e7arem a subsist\u00eancia dos pescadores somalis locais.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A Turquia est\u00e1 a ajudar a refor\u00e7ar a luta da Som\u00e1lia contra a pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada e outros crimes mar\u00edtimos. Em 2024, os dois pa\u00edses assinaram um memorando de entendimento que estabeleceu as For\u00e7as Armadas Turcas como um parceiro de seguran\u00e7a mar\u00edtima e de fiscaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da lei com a Som\u00e1lia durante<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":124343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[546,545,543,1030,535],"class_list":{"0":"post-124345","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-china-pt-pt","9":"tag-maritimo","10":"tag-pesca-ilegal","11":"tag-pirataria","12":"tag-somalia-pt-pt"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTurquia Apoia a Som\u00e1lia na Luta Contra os Arrast\u00f5es Estrangeiros Ilegais - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/?p=124348\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Turquia Apoia a Som\u00e1lia na Luta Contra os Arrast\u00f5es Estrangeiros Ilegais - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A Turquia est\u00e1 a ajudar a refor\u00e7ar a luta da Som\u00e1lia contra a pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada e outros crimes mar\u00edtimos. 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