{"id":112499,"date":"2024-02-13T15:51:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T20:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=112499"},"modified":"2024-02-13T15:52:32","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T20:52:32","slug":"relatorio-africa-ocidental-considerada-futuro-foco-de-conflito-no-sector-das-pescas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2024\/02\/relatorio-africa-ocidental-considerada-futuro-foco-de-conflito-no-sector-das-pescas\/","title":{"rendered":"Relat\u00f3rio: \u00c1frica Ocidental Considerada Futuro Foco de Conflito no Sector das Pescas"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

EQUIPA DA ADF<\/span><\/p>\n

Onze pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental foram designados como futuros focos de conflito no sector das pescas. Nos pr\u00f3ximos seis anos, estes locais poder\u00e3o ser palco de conflitos em torno dos recursos marinhos, devido ao esgotamento das unidades populacionais de peixe devido \u00e0 pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada (INN).<\/p>\n

De acordo com um relat\u00f3rio do Fundo Mundial para a Natureza (WWF), os Camar\u00f5es, a Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica do Congo, a Guin\u00e9 Equatorial, o Gab\u00e3o, a G\u00e2mbia, a Guin\u00e9, a Guin\u00e9-Bissau, a Nig\u00e9ria, a Rep\u00fablica do Congo, o Senegal e S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe t\u00eam grandes probabilidades de vir a registar conflitos entre arrast\u00f5es industriais estrangeiros, pescadores artesanais e comunidades piscat\u00f3rias locais.<\/p>\n

Outras zonas designadas no continente s\u00e3o Mo\u00e7ambique e a Som\u00e1lia.<\/p>\n

A China, que comanda a maior frota de pesca em \u00e1guas long\u00ednquas do mundo, \u00e9 de longe o pior actor da pesca INN em \u00c1frica e em todo o mundo. Das 10 principais empresas envolvidas na pesca ilegal a n\u00edvel mundial, oito s\u00e3o da China, de acordo com a Coliga\u00e7\u00e3o para a Transpar\u00eancia Financeira (FTC).<\/p>\n

\u201cEstamos a olhar para [os arrast\u00f5es chineses] que pescam em zonas alheias e para a pesca de arrasto de fundo,\u201d uma pr\u00e1tica ilegal que recolhe quantidades indiscriminadas de vida marinha do fundo do oceano, disse Vanda Felbab-Brown, co-directora da Iniciativa para a Seguran\u00e7a em \u00c1frica, da Brookings Institution.<\/p>\n

\u201cDizimam um espa\u00e7o espec\u00edfico dos oceanos, retirando peixe aos pescadores artesanais da \u00c1frica Ocidental,\u201d Felbab-Brown disse num evento co-organizado pela Brookings e pelo WWF. \u201cAlguns pescadores j\u00e1 n\u00e3o podem pescar para alimentar as suas fam\u00edlias.\u201d<\/p>\n

A competi\u00e7\u00e3o pelo peixe resulta, por vezes, em conflitos directos entre pequenos barcos de pesca artesanal e grandes arrast\u00f5es industriais. Estes barcos maiores s\u00e3o conhecidos por atacar embarca\u00e7\u00f5es mais pequenas, danificando as suas redes e equipamento, e pulverizando-as com canh\u00f5es de \u00e1gua.<\/p>\n

A pesca ilegal levou \u00e0 perda de mais de 300.000 empregos na pesca artesanal na regi\u00e3o, de acordo com o Colectivo Internacional de Apoio aos Pescadores.<\/p>\n

O flagelo custa \u00e0 \u00c1frica Ocidental cerca de 10 bilh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares por ano, de acordo com um relat\u00f3rio de Setembro de 2023 do Stimson Center, um grupo de reflex\u00e3o, enquanto a FTC concluiu que a regi\u00e3o atrai 40% dos arrast\u00f5es ilegais do mundo.<\/p>\n

Em toda a regi\u00e3o, os arrast\u00f5es chineses assinaram acordos de pesca de longa dura\u00e7\u00e3o, mas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o em grande parte responsabilizados por actividades ilegais, uma vez que a capacidade de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei mar\u00edtima \u00e9 limitada em muitas \u00e1reas, disse Felbab-Brown.<\/p>\n

A corrup\u00e7\u00e3o e a natureza n\u00e3o p\u00fablica destes acordos deixam \u201cuma capacidade m\u00ednima para as comunidades locais compreenderem\u201d os acordos de pesca estrangeiros, acrescentou.<\/p>\n

Sarah Glaser, directora s\u00e9nior do WWF para o futuro dos oceanos, afirmou durante o webinar que alguns acordos de pesca chineses na \u00c1frica Ocidental s\u00e3o v\u00e1lidos por at\u00e9 90 anos.<\/p>\n

Felbab-Brown e Glaser associaram a pesca INN \u00e0 pirataria e a outros crimes mar\u00edtimos.<\/p>\n

Embora o n\u00famero de incidentes de pirataria na \u00c1frica Ocidental tenha permanecido baixo em 2023, o Golfo da Guin\u00e9 foi respons\u00e1vel por tr\u00eas dos quatro sequestros registados a n\u00edvel mundial e por todos os 14 sequestros de tripula\u00e7\u00f5es no ano passado, de acordo com o Centro de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre Pirataria do Gabinete Mar\u00edtimo Internacional da C\u00e2mara de Com\u00e9rcio Internacional.<\/p>\n

A pesca ilegal ser\u00e1 provavelmente exacerbada pela altera\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura da \u00e1gua, que poder\u00e1 for\u00e7ar os peixes a migrarem irregularmente, disse Glaser.<\/p>\n

\u201cO peixe \u00e9 um recurso em decl\u00ednio,\u201d disse Glaser. Esta concorr\u00eancia pode obrigar \u201cos pescadores a deslocarem-se do pa\u00eds A para o pa\u00eds B\u201d em busca de alimentos, acrescentou.<\/p>\n

Felbab-Brown advertiu que a falta de peixe pode persuadir os pescadores tradicionais a procurar empregos il\u00edcitos, como o contrabando de droga.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs oceanos est\u00e3o intrinsecamente ligados ao que acontece em terra,\u201d afirmou. \u201c\u00c9 importante salientar que os oceanos s\u00e3o uma enorme fonte de seguran\u00e7a alimentar, uma fonte crucial de prote\u00ednas. A perda da seguran\u00e7a alimentar pode resultar numa s\u00e9rie de conflitos.\u201d<\/p>\n

Felbab-Brown defendeu que uma \u201cabordagem de todo o governo\u201d para combater a pesca ilegal \u201cdeve abordar os grupos de crime organizado.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u00e1rios peritos concordam que a regi\u00e3o necessita de uma maior colabora\u00e7\u00e3o e coopera\u00e7\u00e3o, bem como de uma melhor legisla\u00e7\u00e3o, opera\u00e7\u00f5es e forma\u00e7\u00e3o, para combater a pesca ilegal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

EQUIPA DA ADF Onze pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental foram designados como futuros focos de conflito no sector das pescas. Nos pr\u00f3ximos seis anos, estes locais poder\u00e3o ser palco de conflitos em torno dos recursos marinhos, devido ao esgotamento das unidades populacionais de peixe devido \u00e0 pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada (INN). De acordo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":112497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[558,546,544,543,1030],"class_list":{"0":"post-112499","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-africa-ocidental","9":"tag-china-pt-pt","10":"tag-golfo-da-guine","11":"tag-pesca-ilegal","12":"tag-pirataria"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRelat\u00f3rio: \u00c1frica Ocidental Considerada Futuro Foco de Conflito no Sector das Pescas - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2024\/02\/relatorio-africa-ocidental-considerada-futuro-foco-de-conflito-no-sector-das-pescas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Relat\u00f3rio: \u00c1frica Ocidental Considerada Futuro Foco de Conflito no Sector das Pescas - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"EQUIPA DA ADF Onze pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental foram designados como futuros focos de conflito no sector das pescas. 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