{"id":103623,"date":"2023-03-14T14:02:10","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T18:02:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=103623"},"modified":"2023-03-14T14:03:08","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T18:03:08","slug":"seis-paises-da-africa-ocidental-representam-20-do-peixe-capturado-ilegalmente-no-mundo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2023\/03\/seis-paises-da-africa-ocidental-representam-20-do-peixe-capturado-ilegalmente-no-mundo\/","title":{"rendered":"Seis Pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental Representam 20% do Peixe Capturado Ilegalmente no Mundo"},"content":{"rendered":"
ADF STAFF
\n<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

Cerca de 20% do peixe capturado de forma ilegal no mundo inteiro \u00e9 proveniente das \u00e1guas pr\u00f3ximas da G\u00e2mbia, Guin\u00e9, Guin\u00e9-Bissau, Maurit\u00e2nia, Senegal e Serra Leoa, de acordo com um novo relat\u00f3rio da organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1rea da comunica\u00e7\u00e3o social, Investigative Journalism Reportika (Ij-Reportika).<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

A maior parte do peixe \u00e9 capturado por embarca\u00e7\u00f5es da China, pa\u00eds que lidera a maior frota de pesca em \u00e1guas long\u00ednquas do mundo e det\u00e9m o pior registo de pesca ilegal, n\u00e3o declarada e n\u00e3o regulamentada (INN) do
\nmundo, de acordo com o \u00cdndice de Pesca INN.
\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\nA pesca predat\u00f3ria da China nas \u00e1guas da \u00c1frica Ocidental causa inseguran\u00e7a alimentar e prejudica a ind\u00fastria da pesca artesanal. No Gana, por exemplo, o rendimento m\u00e9dio anual baixou em cerca de 40% por canoa artesanal nos \u00faltimos 15 anos.<\/span><\/span>Conforme observou Ij Reportika, os arrast\u00f5es chineses s\u00e3o famosos por envolver-se em \u201csaiko,\u201d o transbordo ilegal de peixe no mar. Em 2017, a Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Justi\u00e7a Ambiental (EJF) concluiu que a saiko retirou 100.000 toneladas de peixe, somente das \u00e1guas do Gana.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u201cA pesca ilegal e o excesso da capacidade nos sectores de arrast\u00f5es do Gana est\u00e3o a ter impactos catastr\u00f3ficos sobre as comunidades costeiras do pa\u00eds,\u201d Director de Opera\u00e7\u00f5es da EJF, Max Schmid, disse \u00e0 Voz da Am\u00e9rica.<\/span><\/div>\n

\nO mesmo acontece em toda a \u00c1frica Ocidental, onde os pescadores artesanais antes capturavam peixe suficiente para alimentar as suas comunidades, mas agora passam dias inteiros no mar e regressam com pouco ou nenhum peixe.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Os arrast\u00f5es de fundo chineses capturam aproximadamente 2,35 milh\u00f5es de toneladas de peixe por ano na regi\u00e3o, representando 50% do total das capturas em \u00e1guas long\u00ednquas da China e avaliadas em cerca de 5 bilh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares, comunicou a EJF.<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

A presen\u00e7a de arrast\u00f5es chineses nas zonas econ\u00f3micas exclusivas da regi\u00e3o obrigada os pescadores locais a seguirem para mais distante no mar, fazendo com que o seu emprego, que j\u00e1 \u00e9 perigoso, seja ainda mais trai\u00e7oeiro.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e3o \u00e9 raro que pescadores da \u00c1frica Ocidental tenham confrontos com tripula\u00e7\u00f5es chinesas. Em 2020, por exemplo, tr\u00eas pescadores da Maurit\u00e2nia morreram depois que a sua canoa foi atingida por uma embarca\u00e7\u00e3o chinesa.<\/p>\n

Na Serra Leoa, o pescador Ibrahim Bangura, de 47 anos de idade, disse que de forma rotineira passa tr\u00eas dias de cada vez a pescar no Oceano Atl\u00e2ntico e, muitas vezes, encontra arrast\u00f5es chineses.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00e3o tantos, tantos deles,\u201d disse Bangura ao The Guardian. \u201cEles mexem com a minha propriedade, cortam as minhas redes. E, se algu\u00e9m procurar impedi-los, lutam contra tal pessoa.\u201d<\/p>\n

Um outro pescador serra-leonino disse que um membro da tripula\u00e7\u00e3o chin\u00eas uma vez atirou \u00e1gua quente contra ele quando o confrontou por realizar as suas actividades ilegais.<\/p>\n

A \u00c1frica Ocidental agora \u00e9 considerada o epicentro mundial da pesca INN, que rouba aproximadamente 2,3 a 9,4 bilh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares anualmente dos governos locais. O continente perde 11,5 bilh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares anualmente para a pesca ilegal, de acordo com a Financial Transparency Coalition.<\/p>\n

A China tem cada vez mais visado as \u00e1guas da \u00c1frica Oriental, desde 2016.<\/p>\n

Assim como na \u00c1frica Ocidental, as embarca\u00e7\u00f5es chinesas habitualmente i\u00e7am \u201cbandeiras de conveni\u00eancia\u201d na regi\u00e3o. Isso permite que elas utilizem registos abertos de embarca\u00e7\u00f5es para pescarem em alto mar, onde os pa\u00edses costeiros n\u00e3o t\u00eam jurisdi\u00e7\u00e3o. Tamb\u00e9m t\u00eam a fama de praticarem o \u201cflagging in,\u201d significando que usam e abusam de regras locais para atribuir bandeira a embarca\u00e7\u00f5es detidas e operadas por estrangeiros, colocando-as num registo africano para pescar em \u00e1guas locais.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existe pouca supervis\u00e3o dos registos abertos, que s\u00e3o online. Isso significa que uma empresa de pesca na China pode registar-se para pescar no Qu\u00e9nia e pagar uma taxa de registo electronicamente.<\/p>\n

Assim como observou Ij Reportika, a Som\u00e1lia assinou acordos que permitem que embarca\u00e7\u00f5es de pesca chinesas pesquem em suas \u00e1guas. O relat\u00f3rio afirmou que o governo da Som\u00e1lia, \u201cmuitas vezes, ignora as necessidades e as exig\u00eancias dos pescadores locais e artesanais.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cOs n\u00edveis significativos de pesca chinesa associada \u00e0 governa\u00e7\u00e3o inconsistente implica que os somalianos n\u00e3o estejam a beneficiar-se da explora\u00e7\u00e3o de seus recursos marinhos a n\u00edvel local ou nacional, levando \u00e0 inseguran\u00e7a em ambas escalas,\u201d l\u00ea-se no relat\u00f3rio.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ADF STAFF \u00a0 Cerca de 20% do peixe capturado de forma ilegal no mundo inteiro \u00e9 proveniente das \u00e1guas pr\u00f3ximas da G\u00e2mbia, Guin\u00e9, Guin\u00e9-Bissau, Maurit\u00e2nia, Senegal e Serra Leoa, de acordo com um novo relat\u00f3rio da organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1rea da comunica\u00e7\u00e3o social, Investigative Journalism Reportika (Ij-Reportika).   A maior parte do peixe \u00e9 capturado por<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":103621,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[1147,1146,1077,1078],"class_list":{"0":"post-103623","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-afrique-de-lest-pt-pt","9":"tag-afrique-de-louest-pt-pt","10":"tag-chine-pt-pt","11":"tag-peche-illegale-pt-pt"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSeis Pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental Representam 20% do Peixe Capturado Ilegalmente no Mundo - 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