{"id":103383,"date":"2023-02-28T16:49:23","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T21:49:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=103383"},"modified":"2023-02-28T16:49:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T21:49:42","slug":"estado-islamico-expande-campanha-de-violencia-no-sahel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2023\/02\/estado-islamico-expande-campanha-de-violencia-no-sahel\/","title":{"rendered":"Estado Isl\u00e2mico Expande Campanha de Viol\u00eancia no Sahel"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

ADF STAFF
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Emboscadas grandes e indiscriminadas, feitas pela Prov\u00edncia do Estado Isl\u00e2mico no Sahel (IS Sahel) contra grupos terroristas rivais, for\u00e7as governamentais e civis, no nordeste do Mali, contribu\u00edram para o mais elevado n\u00famero de mortes de civis desde que o conflito irrompeu naquele ponto h\u00e1 mais de uma d\u00e9cada.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O IS Sahel foi alvo da campanha de combate ao terrorismo da Fran\u00e7a, conhecida como Opera\u00e7\u00e3o Barkhane, que terminou em Novembro. Desde essa altura, o grupo lan\u00e7ou uma ofensiva numa \u201cescala sem precedentes,\u201d de acordo com o ACLED, um grupo de monitoria de conflitos.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDesde o fim da opera\u00e7\u00e3o Barkhane, conseguimos sentir o aumento do poder do Estado Isl\u00e2mico,\u201d Baba Dakono, um analista pol\u00edtico e de seguran\u00e7a do Mali, disse ao The New Humanitarian, uma publica\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas.<\/p>\n

O grupo continua a utilizar um conjunto de t\u00e1cticas brutais.<\/p>\n

Um membro de uma associa\u00e7\u00e3o de mulheres, na regi\u00e3o de Gao, do Mali, disse que o IS Sahel atacou a sua comunidade, em Junho de 2022, mas foi derrotado. Quando o grupo regressou, tr\u00eas meses depois, \u201cdestruiu tudo.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cEles mataram todos os homens, furaram o tanque de \u00e1gua e colocaram veneno no po\u00e7o,\u201d disse a mulher que falou para o The New Humanitarian, de forma an\u00f3nima. \u201c[Eles] queimaram todos os cereais que n\u00e3o foram capazes de levar com eles \u2026 e deixaram Talataye em cinzas.\u201d<\/p>\n

A mulher, uma das 410.000 pessoas deslocadas pela viol\u00eancia, no Mali, acrescentou que o grupo \u201cpretende controlar a \u00e1rea e fazer com que as pessoas se submetem, enquanto prometem seguran\u00e7a e que qualquer oposi\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o seria aceite.\u201d<\/p>\n

A campanha do IS Sahel no Mali \u00e9, em termos gerais, motivada pela sua rivalidade com o grupo extremistas alinhado \u00e0 al-Qaeda, o <\/span>Jama\u2019a Nusrat al-Islam wa al-Muslimin (JNIM).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Os dados do ACLED demonstraram que o IS Sahel \u00e9 mais propenso a utilizar emboscadas e t\u00e1cticas de ataque em grande n\u00famero, incorporando motorizadas e viaturas. O JNIM prefere infringir \u201cviol\u00eancia remota,\u201d atrav\u00e9s do uso de explosivos, artilharia e tiros de morteiro. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

O IS Sahel n\u00e3o est\u00e1 confinado apenas ao Mali.Atrav\u00e9s de emboscadas que contam com assaltos \u00e0 m\u00e3o armada em motorizadas e viaturas, o IS Sahel opera em toda a regi\u00e3o da tr\u00edplice fronteira entre Burquina Faso, Mali e Nig\u00e9ria.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

De acordo com o ACLED, o IS Sahel tornou-se o \u201cactor dominante\u201d nas prov\u00edncias de Oudalan e Seno, no Burquina Faso, nas regi\u00f5es de Gao e Menaka, no Mali, e nas regi\u00f5es de Tillaberi e Tahoua, no N\u00edger. As suas actividades, financiadas essencialmente atrav\u00e9s de roubo de gado, extors\u00e3o e cobran\u00e7a de esmolas ou impostos, tamb\u00e9m se alastraram para o Benin.<\/p>\n

No Burquina Faso, o grupo perpetrou uma s\u00e9rie de grandes massacres contra comunidades Mossi, Foulse, Songhai e Bellah, nas regi\u00f5es do Sahel e do centro-norte, entre 2019 e 2021.<\/p>\n

Durante uma ofensiva que durou seis meses, no N\u00edger, entre Mar\u00e7o e Agosto de 2022, confrontos entre o IS Sahel, for\u00e7as pr\u00f3-governamentais e JNIM resultaram em mais de 1.000 mortes, incluindo civis, comunicou o ACLED.<\/p>\n

O IS Sahel est\u00e1 actualmente a tentar criar um pseudo-Estado, nas zonas rurais que se expandem desde Gao, no norte do Mali, at\u00e9 Dori, no sul do Burquina Faso, e a partir de N\u2019Tillit, no oeste do Mali, at\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e1rea da fronteira de Tahoua, na regi\u00e3o leste do N\u00edger.<\/p>\n

Visto que as For\u00e7as Armadas do Mali, o Grupo Wagner da R\u00fassia, os combatentes do JNIM, as mil\u00edcias e antigos grupos rebeldes n\u00e3o foram capazes de controlar o IS Sahel, o grupo ir\u00e1 continuar a exercer a sua influ\u00eancia atrav\u00e9s de viol\u00eancia em grande escala, previu o ACLED.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u201cJ\u00e1 se tentou de tudo, mas mesmo assim, os jihadistas est\u00e3o a crescer e a ocupar territ\u00f3rios maiores,\u201d Ibrahim Yahaya Ibrahim, um analista do Grupo Internacional da Crise, disse ao Financial Times.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ADF STAFF Emboscadas grandes e indiscriminadas, feitas pela Prov\u00edncia do Estado Isl\u00e2mico no Sahel (IS Sahel) contra grupos terroristas rivais, for\u00e7as governamentais e civis, no nordeste do Mali, contribu\u00edram para o mais elevado n\u00famero de mortes de civis desde que o conflito irrompeu naquele ponto h\u00e1 mais de uma d\u00e9cada. O IS Sahel foi alvo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":103335,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[1139],"class_list":{"0":"post-103383","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melhores-historias","8":"tag-terrorism-pt-pt"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEstado Isl\u00e2mico Expande Campanha de Viol\u00eancia no Sahel - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/2023\/02\/estado-islamico-expande-campanha-de-violencia-no-sahel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Estado Isl\u00e2mico Expande Campanha de Viol\u00eancia no Sahel - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ADF STAFF Emboscadas grandes e indiscriminadas, feitas pela Prov\u00edncia do Estado Isl\u00e2mico no Sahel (IS Sahel) contra grupos terroristas rivais, for\u00e7as governamentais e civis, no nordeste do Mali, contribu\u00edram para o mais elevado n\u00famero de mortes de civis desde que o conflito irrompeu naquele ponto h\u00e1 mais de uma d\u00e9cada. 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