La R\u00e9serve naturelle de Balule est une zone prot\u00e9g\u00e9e dans la province de Limpopo, en Afrique du Sud, et fait partie de l\u2019extension du Parc national Kruger. La r\u00e9serve est prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par un groupe d\u2019anges gardiens comme nul autre : les Black Mambas.<\/p>\n
Les Mambas, dont le nom est inspir\u00e9 par le serpent v\u00e9n\u00e9neux \u00e0 l\u2019agilit\u00e9 redoutable, parcourent la r\u00e9serve \u00e0 la recherche de braconniers. L\u2019\u00e9quipe enti\u00e8rement f\u00e9minine a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e en 2013 et comprend 36 membres. Le groupe, officiellement nomm\u00e9 unit\u00e9 anti-braconnage des Black Mambas, agit comme observateur de l\u2019environnement. Les membres patrouillent la totalit\u00e9 des 400 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s de la r\u00e9serve.<\/p>\n
Les Mambas ne sont pas arm\u00e9es. Elles se d\u00e9placent \u00e0 pied pour les patrouilles et les observations, effectuent des contr\u00f4les routiers aux barrages, et collectent des renseignements aupr\u00e8s des communaut\u00e9s. Elles dispensent \u00e9galement des formations sur la protection de l\u2019environnement.<\/p>\n
Lorsqu\u2019elles sont sur le terrain, elles recherchent des traces, des pi\u00e8ges, des cl\u00f4tures endommag\u00e9es et d\u2019autres signes de pr\u00e9sence non souhaitable au sein de la r\u00e9serve. \u00c0 la fin 2016, les Mambas avaient identifi\u00e9 et d\u00e9truit 12 camps de braconniers et r\u00e9duit le pi\u00e9geage et l\u2019empoisonnement des animaux de 76 pour cent selon un rapport de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de m\u00e9dias \u00e9lectroniques Refinery29.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Puisqu\u2019elles ne sont pas arm\u00e9es, elles sont charg\u00e9es de la d\u00e9tection, et non pas de l\u2019application. Elles travaillent en collaboration avec 23 gardes arm\u00e9s au sein de la r\u00e9serve.<\/div>\n
Leur objectif principal est de trouver les braconniers de rhinoc\u00e9ros et de viande de brousse. Les braconniers utilisent des pi\u00e8ges et des poisons qui tuent les antilopes, les chiens sauvages et les gu\u00e9pards.\u00a0 Les syndicats de braconniers traquent souvent les lions et les girafes. Les Mambas sont \u00e9galement \u00e0 la recherche de \u00ab cuisines \u00bb o\u00f9 on abat les animaux pour la viande de brousse.<\/p>\n
\u00ab Lorsqu\u2019une cible est identifi\u00e9e, elles font appel \u00e0 une unit\u00e9 arm\u00e9e et elles installent un poste d\u2019observation en appui \u00bb, explique Craig Spencer, conservateur en chef de Balule, \u00e0 Refinery29. \u00ab La capacit\u00e9 des femmes \u00e0 percevoir des diff\u00e9rences subtiles est souvent meilleure que celle des hommes. \u00bb<\/p>\n
Les Mambas utilisent des transmetteurs VHF et GPS pour suivre la trace des rhinoc\u00e9ros et en dresser une cartographie avant la rel\u00e8ve, de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 ce que toutes les unit\u00e9s anti-braconnage soient d\u00e9ploy\u00e9es sur les points sensibles.<\/p>\n
Ce n\u2019est pas un travail reluisant. Les Mambas travaillent trois semaines \u00e0 la fois, pendant lesquelles elles vivent dans des campements avec peu de commodit\u00e9s. \u00c0 la fin des trois semaines, elles ont dix jours de repos avant de repartir. Beaucoup d\u2019entre elles sont le principal soutien financier de la famille.<\/p>\n
Tous les membres des Black Mambas viennent de communaut\u00e9s locales pauvres. Elles suivent six semaines de cours avant de compl\u00e9ter leur formation sur le terrain.<\/p>\n
Un des probl\u00e8mes majeurs pour les Mambas est la pauvret\u00e9. Les arrestations au sein de la r\u00e9serve font ressortir que les braconniers ne sont pas forc\u00e9ment des \u00e9trangers, mais bien souvent des villageois sud-africains d\u00e9munis.<\/p>\n
\u00ab En r\u00e9alit\u00e9, le probl\u00e8me est la perception qui a vu le jour au sein des communaut\u00e9s hors du parc \u00bb, explique M. Spencer au Guardian<\/i>. \u00ab Ils voient un agent en uniforme et ils se disent que c\u2019est le sh\u00e9rif de Nottingham, et que les braconniers sont des Robins des Bois. \u00bb<\/p>\n
\u00ab Nous ne pourrons pas chasser le probl\u00e8me par une police renforc\u00e9e, dit-il. On ne gagnera jamais cette guerre \u00e0 force de coups de feu. \u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
PERSONNEL d\u2019ADF La R\u00e9serve naturelle de Balule est une zone prot\u00e9g\u00e9e dans la province de Limpopo, en Afrique du Sud, et fait partie de l\u2019extension du Parc national Kruger. La r\u00e9serve est prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par un groupe d\u2019anges gardiens comme nul autre : les Black Mambas. Les Mambas, dont le nom est inspir\u00e9 par le serpent<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8209,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8697","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
UNE \u00c9QUIPE ANTI-BRACONNAGE ENTI\u00c8REMENT F\u00c9MININE\u00a0SURVEILLE LA R\u00c9SERVE DE GIBIER - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2017\/07\/une-equipe-anti-braconnage-entierement-feminine-surveille-la-reserve-de-gibier\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"UNE \u00c9QUIPE ANTI-BRACONNAGE ENTI\u00c8REMENT F\u00c9MININE\u00a0SURVEILLE LA R\u00c9SERVE DE GIBIER - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL d\u2019ADF La R\u00e9serve naturelle de Balule est une zone prot\u00e9g\u00e9e dans la province de Limpopo, en Afrique du Sud, et fait partie de l\u2019extension du Parc national Kruger. 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