{"id":32873,"date":"2022-05-17T14:39:47","date_gmt":"2022-05-17T18:39:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=32873"},"modified":"2022-05-18T09:29:15","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T13:29:15","slug":"ce-block-regional-cree-une-force-militaire-pour-adresser-linstabilite-en-rdc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2022\/05\/ce-block-regional-cree-une-force-militaire-pour-adresser-linstabilite-en-rdc\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce block r\u00e9gional cr\u00e9e une force militaire pour adresser l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 en RDC"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) a rejoint officiellement la Communaut\u00e9 d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est (CAE) le 29 mars en tant que septi\u00e8me \u00e9tat partenaire de ce block r\u00e9gional.<\/p>\n

Moins d\u2019un mois plus tard, la CAE a vot\u00e9 pour \u00e9tablir une force militaire r\u00e9gionale afin de g\u00e9rer le probl\u00e8me omnipr\u00e9sent des groupes arm\u00e9s qui tourmentent l\u2019Est de la RDC depuis des dizaines d\u2019ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

La CAE a vot\u00e9 pour \u00ab\u00a0acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer l\u2019\u00e9tablissement [et le d\u00e9ploiement urgent] d\u2019une force r\u00e9gionale pour aider \u00e0 contenir et, si n\u00e9cessaire, combattre les forces n\u00e9gatives\u00a0\u00bb, selon sa d\u00e9claration du 21 avril.<\/p>\n

Les dirigeants ont convenu que tous les groupes arm\u00e9s pr\u00e9sents en RDC doivent \u00eatre d\u00e9sarm\u00e9s et \u00ab\u00a0participer inconditionnellement au processus politique pour r\u00e9soudre leurs dol\u00e9ances. S\u2019ils manquent \u00e0 le faire, tous les groupes arm\u00e9s congolais seraient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des forces n\u00e9gatives et seraient sujets \u00e0 des actions militaires dans la r\u00e9gion.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Plus de 100 groupes arm\u00e9s sont actifs dans les for\u00eats denses de l\u2019Est de la RDC le long de la fronti\u00e8re avec l\u2019Ouganda et le Rwanda.<\/p>\n

Environ 70 groupes arm\u00e9s ont accept\u00e9 un cessez-le-feu dans la province du Sud-Kivu en juillet 2021 mais la violence dans la r\u00e9gion reste un sujet \u00e9pineux pour les pays de la CAE. Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le Burundi, l\u2019Ouganda, la RDC et le Rwanda se sont accus\u00e9s mutuellement de soutenir des forces rebelles dans l\u2019Est de la RDC.<\/p>\n

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AFP\/GETTY IMAGES<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le Kenya et l\u2019Ouganda ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 des soldats qui luttent contre les rebelles dans l\u2019Est de la RDC. Le Rwanda souhaitait envoyer des soldats en 2021 mais les politiciens de la RDC ont rejet\u00e9 cette offre.\u00a0Dans le cadre du nouvel accord de la CAE, les soldats rwandais feront partie de la force r\u00e9gionale.<\/p>\n

La Mission de l\u2019Organisation des Nations unies pour la stabilisation en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, l\u2019une des plus grandes forces de maintien de la paix des Nations unies, est aussi en RDC depuis plus de vingt ans, mais jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent elle n\u2019a pas frein\u00e9 les groupes rebelles violents qui, selon ses estimations, ont tu\u00e9 des milliers de personnes et en ont d\u00e9plac\u00e9 des millions.<\/p>\n

Bien que les groupes arm\u00e9s avec lesquels elle a demand\u00e9 \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier n\u2019aient pas \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s par la CAE, des rapports locaux ont reconnu la CODECO et M23, entre autres.<\/p>\n

La CAE exige que les autres groupes ayant des liens avec des pays \u00e9trangers, notamment les Forebu (insurg\u00e9s du Burundi), les Ma\u00ef-Ma\u00ef, le Front d\u00e9mocratique pour la lib\u00e9ration du Rwanda et le Congr\u00e8s national pour la d\u00e9fense du peuple, quittent la RDC.<\/p>\n

Les Forces d\u00e9mocratiques alli\u00e9es qui ont des liens avec l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme un groupe terroriste par la RDC et l\u2019Ouganda. Elles ne faisaient pas partie des groupes arm\u00e9s qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 invit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ouverture des pourparlers de paix le 22 avril \u00e0 Nairobi (Kenya).<\/p>\n

Personne n\u2019\u00e9tait venu \u00e0 cette r\u00e9union pour des \u00ab\u00a0raisons de logistique\u00a0\u00bb mais les repr\u00e9sentants de 24 groupes arm\u00e9s ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 une autre r\u00e9union le 27 avril.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident Uhuru Kenyatta du Kenya qui a conduit la r\u00e9union et s\u2019est exprim\u00e9 devant les participants en tant que pr\u00e9sident de la CAE a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Sans d\u00e9poser les armes et nouer un contrat national indissoluble pour s\u00e9curiser la RDC, les fruits de la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 que vous m\u00e9ritez, provenant des riches donations, resteront incertains.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Sans \u0153uvrer vers l\u2019unit\u00e9 et la coh\u00e9sion entre tous les habitants de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, chaque section s\u00e9par\u00e9e restera \u00e0 jamais perdante. La RDC m\u00e9rite de revendiquer et d\u2019affirmer sa place l\u00e9gitime en Afrique et dans le monde. Ceci n\u2019est que le premier pas vers cet objectif r\u00e9alisable.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Bien que le dialogue ait \u00e9t\u00e9 productif, certains critiques sont rest\u00e9s insensibles.<\/p>\n

Akilimali Chomachoma, commentateur politique du Nord-Kivu, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l\u2019Est de la RDC reste un bourbier \u00e0 cause du manque de gouvernance.<\/p>\n

Il a dit au journal The EastAfrican\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a050\u00a0% de ces groupes se sont rendus volontairement aux FARDC [forces arm\u00e9es de la RDC] pour b\u00e2tir la paix. Mais ils se sont regroup\u00e9s apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9chec du processus DDR [d\u00e9sarmement, d\u00e9mobilisation, r\u00e9int\u00e9gration]. Les centres de cantonnement o\u00f9 ils allaient rester pendant trois semaines ont fini par les d\u00e9tenir pendant deux mois en moyenne, sans nourriture ni installations sanitaires.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Tous ces groupes arm\u00e9s sont retourn\u00e9s dans les for\u00eats et les localit\u00e9s qu\u2019ils contr\u00f4laient parce que l\u2019arm\u00e9e ne s\u2019est pas d\u00e9ploy\u00e9e dans ces zones pour renforcer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. L\u2019\u00e9chec du processus de d\u00e9sarmement et d\u00e9mobilisation a facilit\u00e9 la croissance rapide des groupes arm\u00e9s.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

D\u2019autres experts pensent que les n\u00e9gociations sont un pas dans la bonne direction.<\/p>\n

Angela Muvumba Sellstr\u00f6m, chercheuse principale au Nordic Africa Institute, d\u00e9clare que les chefs rebelles feraient bien de tenir compte du front uni pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par la CAE.<\/p>\n

Elle a dit \u00e0 The EastAfrican\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les groupes arm\u00e9s devraient choisir l\u2019option d\u2019une solution politique n\u00e9goci\u00e9e\u00a0; leurs options pour la continuation de leurs activit\u00e9s [arm\u00e9es] s\u2019amenuisent.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Il y a aussi un grand nombre de d\u00e9veloppements politiques et s\u00e9curitaires parall\u00e8les et li\u00e9s au cours des derniers mois qui sugg\u00e8rent que ce [dialogue] pourrait \u00eatre un tournant majeur.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) a rejoint officiellement la Communaut\u00e9 d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est (CAE) le 29 mars en tant que septi\u00e8me \u00e9tat partenaire de ce block r\u00e9gional. Moins d\u2019un mois plus tard, la CAE a vot\u00e9 pour \u00e9tablir une force militaire r\u00e9gionale afin de g\u00e9rer le probl\u00e8me omnipr\u00e9sent des groupes arm\u00e9s qui<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32866,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[771,659,1021,465,430,427,466,429,539],"class_list":{"0":"post-32873","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-burundi-fr","9":"tag-grands-lacs","10":"tag-insurrection","11":"tag-kenya-fr","12":"tag-ouganda","13":"tag-republique-democratique-du-congo","14":"tag-rwanda-fr","15":"tag-tanzanie","16":"tag-terrorisme"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCe block r\u00e9gional cr\u00e9e une force militaire pour adresser l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 en RDC - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2022\/05\/ce-block-regional-cree-une-force-militaire-pour-adresser-linstabilite-en-rdc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ce block r\u00e9gional cr\u00e9e une force militaire pour adresser l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 en RDC - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) a rejoint officiellement la Communaut\u00e9 d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est (CAE) le 29 mars en tant que septi\u00e8me \u00e9tat partenaire de ce block r\u00e9gional. 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