{"id":26373,"date":"2021-08-18T14:35:50","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T18:35:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=26373"},"modified":"2021-08-18T14:36:56","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T18:36:56","slug":"la-crise-du-tigre-menace-dengloutir-lethiopie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/08\/la-crise-du-tigre-menace-dengloutir-lethiopie\/","title":{"rendered":"La crise du Tigr\u00e9 menace d\u2019engloutir l\u2019\u00c9thiopie"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00c9thiopie, au bord du pr\u00e9cipice d\u2019une guerre civile sans merci, ne montre aucune indication qu\u2019elle rebroussera chemin.<\/p>\n

Au contraire, le conflit a mobilis\u00e9 toutes les dix r\u00e9gions ethniquement s\u00e9par\u00e9es du pays.<\/p>\n

Ce qui avait commenc\u00e9 comme dispute politique dans la r\u00e9gion du Tigr\u00e9 il y a neuf mois s\u2019est transform\u00e9 en conflit militaire qui s\u2019est consid\u00e9rablement intensifi\u00e9. Les all\u00e9gations incluent les massacres de civils, les centaines de cas de viols signal\u00e9s et l\u2019utilisation de l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la nourriture comme arme en br\u00fblant les r\u00e9coltes et rejetant l\u2019aide humanitaire.<\/p>\n

Michelle Gavin, associ\u00e9e principale pour les \u00e9tudes africaines au Council on Foreign Relations, \u00e9crit sur le site Web de ce groupe de r\u00e9flexion\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Il n\u2019est pas difficile d\u2019imaginer comment cette mauvaise situation pourrait empirer selon plusieurs sc\u00e9narios diff\u00e9rents possibles. Depuis l\u2019effondrement potentiel de l\u2019\u00e9tat jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la catastrophe humanitaire et au risque tout \u00e0 fait r\u00e9el de g\u00e9nocide.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Le Premier ministre Abiy Ahmed, qui avait remport\u00e9 le prix Nobel de la paix en 2019, a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9primand\u00e9 par les leaders internationaux pour sa gestion d\u2019un conflit qui est mont\u00e9 en fl\u00e8che.<\/p>\n

Les mesures militaires contre le Front de lib\u00e9ration du peuple du Tigr\u00e9 (FLPT), ex-parti au pouvoir en \u00c9thiopie, ont commenc\u00e9 au d\u00e9but novembre 2020 \u00e0 la suite d\u2019un long d\u00e9ploiement de forces sur les fronti\u00e8res Sud et Nord du Tigr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les troupes f\u00e9d\u00e9rales des Forces de d\u00e9fense nationale \u00e9thiopiennes (ENDF) \u00e9taient soutenues par des milices ethniques de la r\u00e9gion d\u2019Amhara au Sud du Tigr\u00e9. Les ENDF ont aussi collabor\u00e9 avec des troupes de l\u2019\u00c9rythr\u00e9e, le pays voisin du Nord qui est ennemi de longue date du FLPT.<\/p>\n

Trois semaines plus tard, le Premier ministre a proclam\u00e9 la victoire, tout en reconnaissant que les forces tigr\u00e9ennes avaient lanc\u00e9 une guerre de gu\u00e9rilla.<\/p>\n

Le conflit semblait se confiner au Tigr\u00e9, r\u00e9gion la plus au Nord du pays, jusqu\u2019en juin 2021 lorsque le FLPT commen\u00e7a \u00e0 repousser les forces f\u00e9d\u00e9rales et les milices.<\/p>\n

Le 28 juin, le FLPT reconquit Mekele, la capitale r\u00e9gionale, et fut accueilli par les c\u00e9l\u00e9brations des r\u00e9sidents. M. Abiy d\u00e9cr\u00e9ta ce m\u00eame jour un cessez-le-feu unilat\u00e9ral, seulement pour admettre deux semaines plus tard qu\u2019il avait \u00e9chou\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s avoir reconquis la plupart du Tigr\u00e9, les forces du FLPT ont avanc\u00e9 sur les milices d\u2019Amhara au Sud et \u00e0 l\u2019Ouest en juillet pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer des territoires qui \u00e9taient contest\u00e9s depuis des dizaines d\u2019ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Les combattants tigr\u00e9ens se sont ensuite rendus dans l\u2019Est pour p\u00e9n\u00e9trer dans la r\u00e9gion Afar, d\u00e9clarant qu\u2019ils essayaient de forcer un blocus f\u00e9d\u00e9ral emp\u00eachant la livraison de l\u2019aide humanitaire.<\/p>\n

Le Premier ministre a r\u00e9pondu en mena\u00e7ant de poursuivre la guerre et en lan\u00e7ant un appel d\u2019unit\u00e9 pour vaincre le FLPT, que son gouvernement avait d\u00e9sign\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0organisation terroriste\u00a0\u00bb en d\u00e9but d\u2019ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Des troupes des r\u00e9gions Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Sidama et Nations, nationalit\u00e9s et peuples du Sud se sont jointes aux ENDF. Les autres r\u00e9gions ethniques de l\u2019\u00c9thiopie (Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambela, Harar et Somali) ont annonc\u00e9 qu\u2019elles d\u00e9ploieraient aussi des soldats.<\/p>\n

Abiy a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le 10 ao\u00fbt\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Nos forces de d\u00e9fense, nos forces r\u00e9gionales sp\u00e9ciales et notre milice ont re\u00e7u l\u2019ordre de mettre fin \u00e0 la destruction du FLPT terroriste et coupable de trahison… une fois pour toutes. Le moment est venu pour tous les \u00c9thiopiens qui en sont capables et qui ont l\u2019\u00e2ge requis de rejoindre les forces de d\u00e9fense, les forces sp\u00e9ciales et les milices et de montrer leur patriotisme.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les experts sont pr\u00e9occup\u00e9s par la rh\u00e9torique de plus en plus incendiaire de M. Abiy\u00a0: il a d\u00e9crit le FLPT comme le \u00ab\u00a0cancer de l\u2019\u00c9thiopie\u00a0\u00bb, comme des \u00ab\u00a0mauvaises herbes\u00a0\u00bb et comme une \u00ab\u00a0maladie\u00a0\u00bb. Les experts pensent qu\u2019il a l\u2019intention de prendre l\u2019offensive pour essayer de d\u00e9truire le FLPT.<\/p>\n

L\u2019analyste politique Solomon Ketema avertit que la tentative de M. Abiy visant \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une coalition de forces ethniques r\u00e9gionales pourrait se retourner contre lui.<\/p>\n

Ketema a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 au journal k\u00e9nyan The Daily Nation le 8 ao\u00fbt\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Une grande offensive signifie que le conflit ne sera plus confin\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion. L\u2019action anticip\u00e9e est tout \u00e0 fait dangereuse.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Ketema avertit toutes les parties de prendre des mesures pour reculer devant le conflit, sinon le pays lui-m\u00eame risquerait de devenir compromis.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ceci pourrait probablement signaler le d\u00e9but de la d\u00e9sint\u00e9gration du pays.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF L\u2019\u00c9thiopie, au bord du pr\u00e9cipice d\u2019une guerre civile sans merci, ne montre aucune indication qu\u2019elle rebroussera chemin. Au contraire, le conflit a mobilis\u00e9 toutes les dix r\u00e9gions ethniquement s\u00e9par\u00e9es du pays. Ce qui avait commenc\u00e9 comme dispute politique dans la r\u00e9gion du Tigr\u00e9 il y a neuf mois s\u2019est transform\u00e9 en conflit militaire<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-26373","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa crise du Tigr\u00e9 menace d\u2019engloutir l\u2019\u00c9thiopie - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/08\/la-crise-du-tigre-menace-dengloutir-lethiopie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La crise du Tigr\u00e9 menace d\u2019engloutir l\u2019\u00c9thiopie - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF L\u2019\u00c9thiopie, au bord du pr\u00e9cipice d\u2019une guerre civile sans merci, ne montre aucune indication qu\u2019elle rebroussera chemin. 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