{"id":26037,"date":"2021-07-28T14:52:02","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T18:52:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=26037"},"modified":"2021-07-28T14:52:18","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T18:52:18","slug":"des-manifestations-secouent-la-monarchie-de-leswatini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/07\/des-manifestations-secouent-la-monarchie-de-leswatini\/","title":{"rendered":"Des manifestations secouent la monarchie de l\u2019Eswatini"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

La col\u00e8re est en train de d\u00e9border dans l\u2019Eswatini, dernier pays d\u2019Afrique ayant une monarchie absolue. Depuis mai, les manifestants sont sortis dans les rues pour exiger des r\u00e9formes politiques et de meilleures opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n

Les manifestations ont commenc\u00e9 apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat de l\u2019\u00e9tudiant en droit Thabani Nkomonye, \u00e2g\u00e9 de 25 ans. Il est mort dans des circonstances suspectes et les membres de sa famille all\u00e8guent un camouflage de la part de la police. Le 21 mai, pendant un m\u00e9morial public pour M. Nkomonye, la police a dispers\u00e9 la foule en utilisant des v\u00e9hicules blind\u00e9s, du gaz lacrymog\u00e8ne et des balles en caoutchouc.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ce que j\u2019ai vu ce jour-l\u00e0, je ne l\u2019avait jamais \u00e9prouv\u00e9 auparavant. On m\u2019a asperg\u00e9 de gaz lacrymog\u00e8ne alors que j\u2019\u00e9tais assis, sans aucune raison\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Bacede Mabuza, membre du Parlement de l\u2019Eswatini, au site sud-africain de nouvelles de justice sociale New Frame.<\/p>\n

Depuis lors, les manifestations et les \u00e9meutes continuent, et beaucoup demandent que le roi Mswati III c\u00e8de une partie de son pouvoir. Le 28 juin, des milliers de manifestants ont rempli les rues des deux plus grandes villes du pays, Manzini et Mbabane. Le gouvernement a r\u00e9pondu avec force. Un nombre ind\u00e9termin\u00e9 de manifestants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 atteints d\u2019une balle. Les autorit\u00e9s ont ordonn\u00e9 un couvre-feu du lever au coucher du soleil et barr\u00e9 l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019Internet.<\/p>\n

Le roi est en fonction depuis 35 ans. Il nomme la plupart des officiels, contr\u00f4le un ample fonds de l\u2019\u00e9tat et a une fortune personnelle estim\u00e9e \u00e0 plus de 100 millions de dollars.<\/p>\n

Mais l\u2019Eswatini reste l\u2019un des pays les plus pauvres du monde et plus de la moiti\u00e9 de ses citoyens vivent sous le seuil de pauvret\u00e9. Il a aussi le taux de VIH le plus haut du monde\u00a0: environ 26\u00a0% de la population adulte est infect\u00e9e par le virus.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Le roi Mswati III participe \u00e0 une c\u00e9r\u00e9monie traditionnelle \u00e0 Lobamba (Eswatini). AGENCE ANADOLU\/GETTY IMAGES<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les analystes d\u00e9clarent que les jeunes dirigent les manifestations\u00a0; ils sont enrag\u00e9s par des taux de ch\u00f4mage qui d\u00e9passent 50\u00a0% pour leur tranche d\u2019\u00e2ge. Chiedza Madzima, chef des risques op\u00e9rationnels pour Fitch Solutions bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Johannesbourg (Afrique du Sud), d\u00e9clare qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un \u00ab\u00a0conflit de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Elle a dit \u00e0 Quartz Africa\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les jeunes font d\u00e9sormais appel \u00e0 la repr\u00e9sentation politique pour essayer de changer un syst\u00e8me qui, selon eux, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie les quelques \u00e9lites du pays. Ces manifestations sont en fait une motion de censure du gouvernement.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies au cours desquelles peu de choses ont chang\u00e9 dans le pays, ces manifestations pourraient avoir un impact. Trois parlementaires ont publiquement demand\u00e9 que le premier ministre du pays soit s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9 par des \u00e9lections populaires au lieu du roi. La Commission de d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019Afrique australe a envoy\u00e9 une mission exploratoire en Eswatini \u00e0 la recherche d\u2019une \u00ab\u00a0solution durable\u00a0\u00bb pour ces troubles, et le d\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00c9tat des \u00c9tats-Unis a exhort\u00e9 les autorit\u00e9s de l\u2019Eswatini de \u00ab\u00a0faire preuve de retenue\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0respecter les droits humains\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Dans le cadre d\u2019un rare diff\u00e9rent avec son voisin, le Congr\u00e8s national africain (ANC) d\u2019Afrique du Sud a critiqu\u00e9 le gouvernement de l\u2019Eswatini pour mettre \u00ab\u00a0de l\u2019huile sur le feu\u00a0\u00bb par sa r\u00e9ponse brutale aux manifestations. L\u2019ANC a demand\u00e9 que le roi \u00ab\u00a0adresse les pr\u00e9occupations l\u00e9gitimes des civils\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le roi Mswati III essaie de r\u00e9pondre. Lors d\u2019un rassemblement public annuel appel\u00e9 sibaya, il a annonc\u00e9 un fonds de 35 millions de dollars pour r\u00e9parer les dommages provoqu\u00e9s par les manifestations. Il a aussi nomm\u00e9 un nouveau premier ministre. Pourtant, il a d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 les manifestations comme \u00e9tant \u00ab\u00a0sataniques\u00a0\u00bb et a dit qu\u2019elles faisaient reculer le pays.<\/p>\n

De leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, les manifestants d\u00e9clarent qu\u2019ils sont d\u00e9termin\u00e9s \u00e0 maintenir la pression jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019ils constatent des changements significatifs.<\/p>\n

Le manifestant Melusi Dlamini a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 au site web sud-africain News24<\/em>\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Nous exigeons d\u00e8s maintenant une d\u00e9mocratie pluraliste. L\u2019\u00e9poque du syst\u00e8me royal caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par la dictature est termin\u00e9e.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La col\u00e8re est en train de d\u00e9border dans l\u2019Eswatini, dernier pays d\u2019Afrique ayant une monarchie absolue. Depuis mai, les manifestants sont sortis dans les rues pour exiger des r\u00e9formes politiques et de meilleures opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques. Les manifestations ont commenc\u00e9 apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat de l\u2019\u00e9tudiant en droit Thabani Nkomonye, \u00e2g\u00e9 de 25 ans. Il est<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-26037","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDes manifestations secouent la monarchie de l\u2019Eswatini - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/07\/des-manifestations-secouent-la-monarchie-de-leswatini\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des manifestations secouent la monarchie de l\u2019Eswatini - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La col\u00e8re est en train de d\u00e9border dans l\u2019Eswatini, dernier pays d\u2019Afrique ayant une monarchie absolue. 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