{"id":24097,"date":"2021-05-19T15:20:29","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T19:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=24097"},"modified":"2021-05-19T15:20:46","modified_gmt":"2021-05-19T19:20:46","slug":"au-nigeria-les-enlevements-font-lobjet-dun-grand-commerce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/au-nigeria-les-enlevements-font-lobjet-dun-grand-commerce\/","title":{"rendered":"Au Nigeria, les enl\u00e8vements font l\u2019objet d\u2019un grand commerce"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Lorsque le groupe extr\u00e9miste Boko Haram enleva 276 lyc\u00e9ennes dans la municipalit\u00e9 \u00e9loign\u00e9e de Chibok au Nigeria en 2014, le monde fut horrifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les manchettes internationales se sont catalys\u00e9es en une \u00e9norme campagne conduite par des c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9s, des politiciens, des gouvernements et des groupes de d\u00e9fense des droits humains \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, dans les journaux et sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux.<\/p>\n

En 2016 et 2017, plus de 100 d\u2019entre elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9es mais on estime qu\u2019au moins une centaine restent toujours captives.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, la strat\u00e9gie de l\u2019enl\u00e8vement de Boko Haram lui a fait gagner une certaine notori\u00e9t\u00e9, des adh\u00e9rents et, dans certains cas, des paiements de ran\u00e7on.<\/p>\n

Le chercheur nig\u00e9rian Hakeem Onapajo a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sur la cha\u00eene en ligne The Conversation\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le groupe \u00e9tait relativement inconnu avant d\u2019enlever les lyc\u00e9ennes de Chibok. Rien que cela a rendu le groupe populaire.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les enfants jouent un r\u00f4le tout \u00e0 fait strat\u00e9gique dans ses activit\u00e9s. \u00c0 cause de l\u2019aspect \u00e9motionnel des enfants, il pense que le gouvernement l\u2019\u00e9coutera facilement.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les terroristes islamistes et autres groupes arm\u00e9s ont suivi la m\u00e9thode de Boko Haram et ont transform\u00e9 les enl\u00e8vements en commerce lucratif.<\/p>\n

Les enl\u00e8vements dans les \u00e9coles ont fortement augment\u00e9 depuis d\u00e9cembre 2020, lorsque Boko Haram a kidnapp\u00e9 plus de 300 jeunes gar\u00e7ons. Mais dans ce cas, le groupe terroriste a attaqu\u00e9 dans l\u2019\u00c9tat de Katsina au Nord-Ouest du pays, \u00e0 des centaines de kilom\u00e8tres de distance de la r\u00e9gion r\u00e9tive du Nord-Est o\u00f9 le groupe est bas\u00e9 depuis plus de dix ans.<\/p>\n

En f\u00e9vrier, des bandits rev\u00eatant l\u2019uniforme des soldats ont enlev\u00e9 27 \u00e9tudiants du coll\u00e8ge scientifique gouvernemental de Kagara dans l\u2019\u00c9tat de Niger. Deux semaines plus tard, des hommes arm\u00e9s ont captur\u00e9 environ 300 jeunes filles d\u2019une \u00e9cole secondaire dans l\u2019\u00c9tat de Zamfara, \u00e0 l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019\u00c9tat de Katsina et au Nord de l\u2019\u00c9tat de Niger.<\/p>\n

Plus r\u00e9cemment, des hommes arm\u00e9s ont pris 39 \u00e9tudiants du coll\u00e8ge f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de m\u00e9canisation de la foresterie au mois de mars. Un mois plus tard, des ravisseurs ont captur\u00e9 23 \u00e9tudiants de l\u2019universit\u00e9 Greenfield, en ont tu\u00e9 cinq et ont exig\u00e9 une ran\u00e7on de 100 millions de nairas (262.405 dollars) et 10 motos.<\/p>\n

Nasir El-Rufai, gouverneur de l\u2019\u00c9tat de Kaduna o\u00f9 ces deux attaques r\u00e9centes ont eu lieu, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que son gouvernement ne n\u00e9gociera pas avec les bandits.<\/p>\n

Le paiement des ran\u00e7ons, qui est typiquement refus\u00e9 par les responsables gouvernementaux, a encourag\u00e9 l\u2019industrie des enl\u00e8vements, qui est en pleine croissance. Au moins 18 millions de dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vers\u00e9s \u00e0 des ravisseurs entre juin 2011 et mars 2020, selon un rapport de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de renseignement nig\u00e9riane SB Morgen.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident nig\u00e9rian Muhammadu Buhari a fait des reproches sur Twitter, en d\u00e9clarant\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les gouvernements des \u00e9tats doivent examiner leur politique visant \u00e0 r\u00e9compenser les bandits avec de l\u2019argent et des v\u00e9hicules. Une telle politique a le potentiel de se retourner contre nous et de s\u2019accompagner de cons\u00e9quences catastrophiques.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les experts indiquent que le grand nombre d\u2019enl\u00e8vements a plusieurs causes fondamentales.<\/p>\n

Cheta Nwanze, partenaire de SB Morgen, a \u00e9crit dans le journal nig\u00e9rian Premium Times<\/em>\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Beaucoup de choses encouragent l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019enl\u00e8vement, principalement la pauvret\u00e9, le ch\u00f4mage et l\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9. Mais en fin de compte, il y a cinq piliers sur lesquels s\u2019appuie l\u2019industrie de l\u2019enl\u00e8vement\u00a0: les espaces non gouvern\u00e9s, la formation des bandes, l\u2019acquisition des armes, les communications et la collusion.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Tous les cinq sont des questions qui peuvent \u00eatre affront\u00e9es si nous voulons s\u00e9rieusement r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Buhari est sujet \u00e0 d\u2019intenses pressions pour le manque de strat\u00e9gie coh\u00e9sive du Nigeria en vue de confronter le terrorisme et le banditisme.<\/p>\n

Le 27 avril, le parlement a fait appel \u00e0 M. Buhari, aux forces arm\u00e9es et \u00e0 la police pour faire face \u00e0 la crise de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 croissante dans le pays. La chambre basse a fait pression pour que M. Buhari d\u00e9clare un \u00e9tat d\u2019urgence.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Le gouvernement doit suivre une nouvelle approche, sugg\u00e8re M. Onapajo. Il doit exister un engagement beaucoup plus grand envers la collaboration internationale. Les soldats devraient recevoir davantage de mat\u00e9riel dont ils ont besoin.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Et ils devraient \u00eatre aussi beaucoup plus sensibilis\u00e9s aux approches non militaires. Un focus beaucoup plus grand devrait \u00eatre plac\u00e9 sur l\u2019introduction des programmes qui emp\u00eacheront le recrutement et les attaques faciles des enfants dans cette r\u00e9gion.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Lorsque le groupe extr\u00e9miste Boko Haram enleva 276 lyc\u00e9ennes dans la municipalit\u00e9 \u00e9loign\u00e9e de Chibok au Nigeria en 2014, le monde fut horrifi\u00e9. Les manchettes internationales se sont catalys\u00e9es en une \u00e9norme campagne conduite par des c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9s, des politiciens, des gouvernements et des groupes de d\u00e9fense des droits humains \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, dans<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24094,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24097","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAu Nigeria, les enl\u00e8vements font l\u2019objet d\u2019un grand commerce - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/au-nigeria-les-enlevements-font-lobjet-dun-grand-commerce\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Au Nigeria, les enl\u00e8vements font l\u2019objet d\u2019un grand commerce - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Lorsque le groupe extr\u00e9miste Boko Haram enleva 276 lyc\u00e9ennes dans la municipalit\u00e9 \u00e9loign\u00e9e de Chibok au Nigeria en 2014, le monde fut horrifi\u00e9. 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