{"id":24019,"date":"2021-05-12T14:19:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-12T18:19:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=24019"},"modified":"2021-05-20T12:02:08","modified_gmt":"2021-05-20T16:02:08","slug":"le-soutien-de-la-communaute-est-crucial-pour-vaincre-al-shebab-au-kenya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/le-soutien-de-la-communaute-est-crucial-pour-vaincre-al-shebab-au-kenya\/","title":{"rendered":"Le soutien de la communaut\u00e9 est crucial pour vaincre al-Shebab au Kenya"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Depuis pr\u00e8s de dix ans, les habitants du Comt\u00e9 de Mandera au Nord-Est du Kenya vivent avec la menace constante du groupe extr\u00e9miste al-Shebab qui s\u00e8me la mort et le chaos dans cette r\u00e9gion frontali\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Ces habitants pourraient bien d\u00e9tenir la cl\u00e9 de la victoire contre les terroristes.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement de la confiance et le soutien \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 sont les meilleurs moyens d\u2019aider les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans la lutte contre al-Shebab, selon la conclusion d\u2019un nouveau rapport publi\u00e9 par l\u2019Institut pour les \u00e9tudes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (ISS Africa).<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Bien que le gouvernement ait tent\u00e9 de chasser les terroristes du Kenya, il ne r\u00e9ussira pas sans le soutien communautaire et un vaste r\u00e9seau de renseignement, \u00e9crivent les auteurs. Il doit aussi affronter la corruption, probl\u00e8me qui d\u00e9truit la confiance des habitants de Mandera.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les attaques ont d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 2011. Elles sont estim\u00e9es comme des ripostes \u00e0 une op\u00e9ration coordonn\u00e9e entre les forces arm\u00e9es de Somalie et du Kenya, ces derni\u00e8res dans un r\u00f4le de soutien, contre les insurg\u00e9s d\u2019al-Shebab dans le Sud de la Somalie. En 2012, les forces k\u00e9nyanes ont commenc\u00e9 officiellement \u00e0 participer \u00e0 la mission de l\u2019Union africaine en Somalie (AMISOM).<\/p>\n

Au cours des derniers mois, al-Shebab a conduit des attaques violentes dans le Comt\u00e9 de Mandera.<\/p>\n

Ali Roba, gouverneur du Comt\u00e9 et survivant de plusieurs tentatives d\u2019assassinat de la part d\u2019al-Shebab, a averti le public et les autorit\u00e9s nationales que le groupe terroriste devenait plus audacieux.<\/p>\n

Il a \u00e9crit en janvier dans un \u00e9ditorial sur le journal k\u00e9nyan The Standard<\/em>\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Une crise de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 s\u00e9rieuse se d\u00e9veloppe dans le Comt\u00e9 de Mandera, provoqu\u00e9e par les mouvements sans entraves des cellules terroristes. Cette situation s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e au cours des trois derniers mois mais a atteint des niveaux sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nous devons changer notre approche pour faire face \u00e0 cette situation, sinon nous serons bient\u00f4t domin\u00e9s par les terroristes.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Roba d\u00e9clare qu\u2019al-Shebab peut agir librement dans plus de 60\u00a0% du Comt\u00e9 de Mandera.<\/p>\n

Il signale que des terroristes ont r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9truit des postes de police et des tours de communication, enlev\u00e9 et tu\u00e9 des civils, et pris de force le b\u00e9tail des pastoraux pour ce qu\u2019ils pr\u00e9tendent faussement \u00eatre le paiement de la zak\u00e2t<\/em>, imp\u00f4t musulman obligatoire.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement du Comt\u00e9 a construit des camps strat\u00e9giques, amen\u00e9 des v\u00e9hicules et engag\u00e9 333 r\u00e9servistes k\u00e9nyans pour soutenir la police, bien que certains de ces r\u00e9servistes aient \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

L\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 a conduit \u00e0 un manque s\u00e9rieux d\u2019enseignants et \u00e0 la fermeture de plus de la moiti\u00e9 des 295 \u00e9coles du Comt\u00e9. Plus de 120.000 \u00e9l\u00e8ves de Mandera ont abandonn\u00e9 leurs \u00e9tudes au cours des douze derniers mois, ce qui en fait des candidats de choix pour le recrutement d\u2019al-Shebab.<\/p>\n

Roba et les autres officiels ont lanc\u00e9 des appels d\u2019aide aupr\u00e8s du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n

L\u2019ex-s\u00e9nateur Billow Kerrow du Comt\u00e9 de Mandera l\u2019appelle une d\u00e9faillance syst\u00e9mique.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les habitants de la r\u00e9gion fournissent des informations aux forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, mais aucune mesure n\u2019est prise, dit-il au Standard<\/em>. Lorsque les terroristes avancent sur plus de 200 km \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du Comt\u00e9, le gouvernement ne peut pas plaider l\u2019ignorance.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9but, la r\u00e9ponse \u00e9tait plus personnelle mais en f\u00e9vrier le secr\u00e9taire \u00e0 l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur du cabinet, Fred Matiang\u2019i, s\u2019est r\u00e9uni avec M. Roba et les leaders de Mandera. Le r\u00e9engagement de la communaut\u00e9 \u00e9tait en t\u00eate de leur liste de priorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les deux niveaux de gouvernement mobiliseront conjointement les habitants locaux pour am\u00e9liorer la collaboration avec les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 afin de signaler et repousser l\u2019ennemi\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sur Twitter le ministre k\u00e9nyan de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur en f\u00e9vrier.<\/p>\n

Les forces arm\u00e9es \u00e0 elles seules ne parviendront pas \u00e0 stopper al-Shebab \u00e0 Mandera, selon le rapport d\u2019ISS Africa. Le Kenya doit am\u00e9liorer le contr\u00f4le de ses fronti\u00e8res et restaurer son syst\u00e8me d\u2019enseignement\u00a0; il doit aussi rechercher la solution aupr\u00e8s de son peuple.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Gagner la confiance des civils gr\u00e2ce au maintien de l\u2019ordre dans la communaut\u00e9 et aux engagements honn\u00eates et collaboratifs est la cl\u00e9 du succ\u00e8s dans la collecte des renseignements et les op\u00e9rations strat\u00e9giques de lutte contre le terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crivent les auteurs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Depuis pr\u00e8s de dix ans, les habitants du Comt\u00e9 de Mandera au Nord-Est du Kenya vivent avec la menace constante du groupe extr\u00e9miste al-Shebab qui s\u00e8me la mort et le chaos dans cette r\u00e9gion frontali\u00e8re. Ces habitants pourraient bien d\u00e9tenir la cl\u00e9 de la victoire contre les terroristes. Le d\u00e9veloppement de la confiance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24019","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe soutien de la communaut\u00e9 est crucial pour vaincre al-Shebab au Kenya - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/le-soutien-de-la-communaute-est-crucial-pour-vaincre-al-shebab-au-kenya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le soutien de la communaut\u00e9 est crucial pour vaincre al-Shebab au Kenya - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Depuis pr\u00e8s de dix ans, les habitants du Comt\u00e9 de Mandera au Nord-Est du Kenya vivent avec la menace constante du groupe extr\u00e9miste al-Shebab qui s\u00e8me la mort et le chaos dans cette r\u00e9gion frontali\u00e8re. 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