{"id":23897,"date":"2021-05-05T11:22:06","date_gmt":"2021-05-05T15:22:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=23897"},"modified":"2021-05-05T11:22:31","modified_gmt":"2021-05-05T15:22:31","slug":"en-rdc-les-survivants-de-lebola-peuvent-offrir-des-indices-pour-arreter-les-epidemies-futures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/en-rdc-les-survivants-de-lebola-peuvent-offrir-des-indices-pour-arreter-les-epidemies-futures\/","title":{"rendered":"En RDC, les survivants de l\u2019Ebola peuvent offrir des indices pour arr\u00eater les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies futures"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Une r\u00e9ponse rapide de la part des responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique arm\u00e9s de vaccins semble avoir contenu une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie toute r\u00e9cente de l\u2019Ebola en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC). Mais des recherches r\u00e9centes sur la cause de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie pr\u00e9occupent les experts cliniciens au sujet d\u2019autres \u00e9pid\u00e9mies plus graves \u00e0 l\u2019avenir.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola a commenc\u00e9 dans la province du Nord-Kivu de la RDC en f\u00e9vrier. Des \u00e9quipes du minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS), de l\u2019Unicef et autres ont r\u00e9pondu rapidement en recherchant les contacts et administrant le vaccin con\u00e7u pour emp\u00eacher la propagation du virus.<\/p>\n

Le 22 mars, la moiti\u00e9 de la douzaine de victimes de l\u2019Ebola au Nord-Kivu \u00e9taient mortes et les derniers survivants avaient termin\u00e9 leur traitement. Ensuite, le Nord-Kivu a commenc\u00e9 la p\u00e9riode d\u2019attente n\u00e9cessaire pour d\u00e9clarer officiellement que la plus r\u00e9cente \u00e9pid\u00e9mie avait pris fin. On pense que cela se produira le 3 mai, si aucun autre cas ne se d\u00e9clare.<\/p>\n

Lorsque l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie a commenc\u00e9, l\u2019OMS a envoy\u00e9 plus de 15.000 doses de vaccin de l\u2019Ebola au Nord-Kivu. Les \u00e9quipes ont administr\u00e9 1.500 injections au cours des quelques premi\u00e8res semaines de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie.<\/p>\n

Le vaccin a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola de 2014 \u00e0 2016 qui avait tu\u00e9 11.300 personnes en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9ploy\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois contre l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola de 2018 dans la province de l\u2019\u00c9quateur de la RDC. Depuis lors, le vaccin s\u2019\u00e9tait r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 hautement efficace pour prot\u00e9ger les gens contre l\u2019infection et l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie perturbatrice.<\/p>\n

Selon le Dr M\u00e9dard Onobaiso, chef de l\u2019antenne Unicef de Beni (RDC), les le\u00e7ons tir\u00e9es des campagnes de vaccination pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes contre l\u2019Ebola ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vitales pour confiner l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie la plus r\u00e9cente.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Un agent de sant\u00e9 transf\u00e8re une dose du vaccin de l\u2019Ebola dans une seringue. ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANT\u00c9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alors qu\u2019ils affrontaient cette derni\u00e8re \u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola, les responsables de la sant\u00e9 ont compt\u00e9 sur les survivants des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes pour aider les communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 localiser les cas potentiels pour leur traitement et la recherche de leurs contacts.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les survivants sont une excellente source de soutien. Ils sont tr\u00e8s importants pour nous aider \u00e0 communiquer avec les communaut\u00e9s parce que les gens sont certains de les \u00e9couter\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare sur Twitter Philippe Katembo, employ\u00e9 de l\u2019OMS en RDC, au bureau r\u00e9gional de l\u2019OMS pour l\u2019Afrique.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, des recherches r\u00e9centes provoquent aussi des inqui\u00e9tudes sur le r\u00f4le que les survivants pourraient jouer dans les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies futures\u00a0: des sources potentielles de recrudescence.<\/p>\n

Les chercheurs d\u00e9clarent qu\u2019un survivant de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de 2014 \u00e0 2016 en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest aurait pu \u00eatre la source de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de Guin\u00e9e qui s\u2019est d\u00e9clar\u00e9e en m\u00eame temps que l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement du Nord-Kivu. L\u2019analyse g\u00e9n\u00e9tique du virus de Guin\u00e9e montre qu\u2019il \u00e9tait essentiellement identique \u00e0 la souche qui avait caus\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de 2014 \u00e0 2016.<\/p>\n

Les chercheurs savent depuis quelque temps que l\u2019Ebola se cache dans le corps des survivants, souvent dans les gonades, les yeux et le liquide c\u00e9phalo-rachidien o\u00f9 le syst\u00e8me immunitaire peut difficilement le d\u00e9truire. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 montr\u00e9 que les hommes survivants peuvent transf\u00e9rer le virus \u00e0 leurs partenaires sexuels plusieurs mois apr\u00e8s s\u2019\u00eatre r\u00e9tablis d\u2019une infection.<\/p>\n

Des \u00e9tudes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes ont indiqu\u00e9 que le virus peut se cacher dans le corps des survivants pendant 500 jours. Mais la possibilit\u00e9 que quelqu\u2019un le transmette apr\u00e8s cinq ans a surpris les scientifiques.<\/p>\n

Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment, les sources les plus courantes des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies d\u2019Ebola \u00e9taient la faune sauvage et les fluides corporels des victimes. Les chercheurs d\u00e9clarent que la possibilit\u00e9 que les survivants puissent servir de r\u00e9servoirs humains pour le virus complique la lutte contre ce dernier, puisque les survivants pourraient potentiellement d\u00e9clencher de nouvelles \u00e9pid\u00e9mies.<\/p>\n

Mike Ryan, chef du programme des urgences de sant\u00e9 de l\u2019OMS, a averti que ces nouvelles d\u00e9couvertes pourraient stigmatiser davantage les survivants de l\u2019Ebola si leurs voisins les consid\u00e8rent comme des sources potentielles de virus.<\/p>\n

Les experts de la sant\u00e9 publique d\u00e9clarent que les strat\u00e9gies de vaccination contre l\u2019Ebola doivent s\u2019\u00e9loigner de la r\u00e9ponse \u00ab\u00a0imm\u00e9diate\u00a0\u00bb pour adopter la pr\u00e9vention dans l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019Afrique \u00e9quatoriale. Il existe deux vaccins efficaces contre l\u2019Ebola, mais le processus pourrait n\u00e9cessiter un grand investissement dans la production de vaccin, le stockage \u00e0 tr\u00e8s basse temp\u00e9rature et la formation des agents de sant\u00e9 pour qu\u2019ils administrent les doses.<\/p>\n

Le Dr Ibrahima Soce Fall, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral adjoint de l\u2019OMS pour la r\u00e9ponse aux urgences, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 au Telegraph<\/em> du Royaume-Uni\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Nous devons continuer \u00e0 investir dans la recherche et le d\u00e9veloppement pour l\u2019Ebola, y compris pour les vaccins. \u00c0 l\u2019avenir, nous devons adopter une mesure plus pr\u00e9ventive. Sinon, cela aura un impact catastrophique sur la sant\u00e9 mondiale.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Une r\u00e9ponse rapide de la part des responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique arm\u00e9s de vaccins semble avoir contenu une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie toute r\u00e9cente de l\u2019Ebola en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC). Mais des recherches r\u00e9centes sur la cause de l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie pr\u00e9occupent les experts cliniciens au sujet d\u2019autres \u00e9pid\u00e9mies plus graves \u00e0 l\u2019avenir. L\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-23897","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEn RDC, les survivants de l\u2019Ebola peuvent offrir des indices pour arr\u00eater les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies futures - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2021\/05\/en-rdc-les-survivants-de-lebola-peuvent-offrir-des-indices-pour-arreter-les-epidemies-futures\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"En RDC, les survivants de l\u2019Ebola peuvent offrir des indices pour arr\u00eater les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies futures - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Une r\u00e9ponse rapide de la part des responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique arm\u00e9s de vaccins semble avoir contenu une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie toute r\u00e9cente de l\u2019Ebola en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC). 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