{"id":20300,"date":"2020-12-23T15:44:08","date_gmt":"2020-12-23T20:44:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=20300"},"modified":"2021-01-04T13:03:27","modified_gmt":"2021-01-04T18:03:27","slug":"la-preservation-dune-tradition-de-maintien-de-la-paix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/12\/la-preservation-dune-tradition-de-maintien-de-la-paix\/","title":{"rendered":"La Pr\u00e9servation D\u2019une Tradition De Maintien De La Paix"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/i><\/p>\n

Lorsque la Cor\u00e9e du Sud faisait face \u00e0 une incursion communiste du Nord en 1950, elle avait demand\u00e9 au monde de l\u2019aider. Un pays d\u2019Afrique a r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 cet appel : l\u2019\u00c9thiopie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019empereur Ha\u00efl\u00e9 S\u00e9lassi\u00e9 forma un bataillon de sa garde imp\u00e9riale et le d\u00e9ploya au combat sous le drapeau des Nations unies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 la fin du conflit, le bataillon \u00e9thiopien Kagnew avait gagn\u00e9 le respect des alli\u00e9s et des ennemis. L\u2019h\u00e9ro\u00efsme des soldats, bien qu\u2019inf\u00e9rieurs en nombre, lors de la bataille de \u00ab Pork Chop Hill \u00bb est devenu l\u2019inspiration des l\u00e9gendes. En fait, on dit que l\u2019\u00c9thiopie avait fourni le seul contingent qui n\u2019avait jamais perdu de prisonnier ni laiss\u00e9 un compagnon mort sur le champ de bataille.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous \u00e9tions les meilleurs combattants. Les trois bataillons \u00e9thiopiens ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 253 batailles, et aucun soldat \u00e9thiopien n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 fait prisonnier pendant la guerre de Cor\u00e9e \u00bb, d\u00e9clare l\u2019ancien combattant Mamo Habtewold \u00e0 la BBC. \u00ab C\u2019\u00e9tait notre devise \u00e9thiopienne : \u201cNe te fais jamais capturer sur le champ de bataille.\u201d \u00bb\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Un gardien de la paix \u00e9thiopien affect\u00e9 au Darfour (Soudan) accueille un jeune gar\u00e7on. OP\u00c9RATION HYBRIDE DE L\u2019ONU\/UNION AFRICAINE AU DARFOUR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u2019\u00e9tait le d\u00e9but d\u2019une longue tradition. Depuis lors, l\u2019\u00c9thiopie a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 13 missions des Nations unies dans des pays allant d\u2019Ha\u00efti au Y\u00e9men. Aujourd\u2019hui, avec plus de 6.600 soldats engag\u00e9s dans quatre missions de maintien de la paix de l\u2019ONU, l\u2019\u00c9thiopie est le plus grand contributeur de personnel en uniforme des missions de l\u2019ONU dans le monde.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Presque tous ses casques bleus font partie de trois missions au Soudan et au Soudan du Sud, et 4.000 soldats de plus participent \u00e0 la mission de l\u2019Union africaine en Somalie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La focalisation de l\u2019\u00c9thiopie sur les nations voisines est intentionnelle. Le colonel Elias Seyoum Abrha, commandant du Centre \u00e9thiopien de formation pour le soutien de la paix, d\u00e9clare qu\u2019elle provient d\u2019une conviction nationale de longue date dans \u00ab l\u2019interd\u00e9pendance de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00bb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Leur s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est interconnect\u00e9e avec notre s\u00e9curit\u00e9, d\u00e9clare le colonel Elias. Si quelque chose ne va pas chez nos voisins, cela nous affecte. \u00bb\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Le centre de formation promet une \u00e8re nouvelle<\/b><\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 leur engagement profond envers le maintien de la paix, les gardiens de la paix \u00e9thiopiens avaient jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent un acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9 \u00e0 une formation pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant le d\u00e9ploiement qui soit sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la mission.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cela a chang\u00e9 en juin 2015 avec l\u2019ouverture du Centre \u00e9thiopien de formation pour le soutien de la paix \u00e0 Addis-Abeba. Ces installations de 6,2 millions de dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 en partie financ\u00e9es par le Royaume-Uni et le Japon. Le centre est con\u00e7u pour offrir une formation qui rehausse le maintien de la paix pour le transformer en v\u00e9ritable sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 militaire, et qui pr\u00e9pare le personnel aux complexit\u00e9s et aux dangers des missions modernes.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Un panneau accueille les visiteurs au Centre \u00e9thiopien de formation de soutien de la paix. PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le centre offre 28 cours op\u00e9rationnels et th\u00e9matiques sur une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de sujets allant de la protection des civils \u00e0 la gestion des conflits, la coordination civilo-militaire et la m\u00e9diation. Depuis sa cr\u00e9ation, il a form\u00e9 plus de 6.300 personnes, y compris environ 32 % des contingents qui se rendent dans d\u2019autres pays africains.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous sommes ouverts pour tous les Africains, pour partager notre exp\u00e9rience \u00bb, d\u00e9clare le colonel Elias.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les formateurs du centre g\u00e8rent aussi le Centre de formation des contingents Hurso dans une r\u00e9gion rurale d\u2019\u00c9thiopie \u00e0 environ 400 kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l\u2019Est de la capitale. Dans ce camp aust\u00e8re, les gardiens de la paix suivent une formation avant-d\u00e9ploiement en salle de classe et sur le terrain, qui dure en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral trois mois environ.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Le centre Hurso offre trois modules : un cours g\u00e9n\u00e9rique qui satisfait aux exigences des missions de l\u2019Union africaine ou de l\u2019ONU ; des cours sp\u00e9ciaux pour les aptitudes telles que la logistique ou la m\u00e9decine de combat ; et des cours sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 la mission con\u00e7us pour simuler les d\u00e9fis uniques des environnements tels que la Somalie, le Soudan du Sud et le Darfour. Environ 11.500 soldats sont form\u00e9s \u00e0 Hurso chaque ann\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Pour chaque mission, nous avons un programme diff\u00e9rent sur lequel ils sont form\u00e9s, d\u00e9clare le colonel Elias. Lorsque nous parlons de la formation dynamique, c\u2019est exactement \u00e7a : toujours ajouter, toujours am\u00e9liorer en fonction des le\u00e7ons apprises. \u00bb<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Les chefs militaires assistent \u00e0 un briefing au Centre \u00e9thiopien de formation de soutien de la paix. ARM\u00c9E DE TERRE DES \u00c9TATS-UNIS POUR L\u2019AFRIQUE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Un impact existe<\/b><\/p>\n

La capacit\u00e9 nationale de l\u2019\u00c9thiopie pour la formation sur le maintien de la paix est quelque chose de rare en Afrique. Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les pays contributeurs de troupes ont d\u00fb se faire concurrence pour le nombre limit\u00e9 de places dans les salles de classe du continent. L\u2019augmentation de la capacit\u00e9 de formation en Afrique a \u00e9t\u00e9 une priorit\u00e9 pour l\u2019ONU, qui souhaite am\u00e9liorer l\u2019\u00e9valuation de la performance des troupes pendant les missions et offrir aux soldats une \u00e9ducation continue.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Comme nous le savons, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la performance r\u00e9duit le nombre de morts \u00bb, d\u00e9clare le secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Nations unies Ant\u00f3nio Guterres. \u00ab La formation est ainsi un investissement n\u00e9cessaire et strat\u00e9gique dans le maintien de la paix, et une responsabilit\u00e9 partag\u00e9e entre les \u00e9tats membres et le secr\u00e9tariat. \u00bb<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Des gardiens de la paix \u00e9thiopiens au Soudan du Sud re\u00e7oivent une m\u00e9daille pour leurs efforts dans la mission en 2018. MISSION DE L\u2019ONU AU SOUDAN DU SUD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L\u2019\u00c9thiopie pense que ses investissements dans la formation font la diff\u00e9rence. Au Darfour, le contingent \u00e9thiopien a \u00e9t\u00e9 cit\u00e9 par le commandant de la force, qui l\u2019a applaudi pour \u00ab exc\u00e9der les t\u00e2ches de la mission \u00bb et pour aider la population locale en forant des puits et en arbitrant les disputes. \u00c0 Abiy\u00e9, zone disput\u00e9e entre le Soudan et le Soudan du Sud, 1.900 gardiens de la paix \u00e9thiopiens ont re\u00e7u une m\u00e9daille de l\u2019ONU pour les gains enregistr\u00e9s dans cette r\u00e9gion tourment\u00e9e pendant 8 mois de d\u00e9ploiement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00c9thiopie a aussi augment\u00e9 le nombre de femmes gardiennes de la paix \u00e0 plus de 600, un point sur lequel le centre de formation attache de l\u2019importance. Le gouvernement \u00e9thiopien a promis d\u2019accro\u00eetre encore plus ce nombre. En 2016, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de brigade Zewdu Kiros Gebrekidan a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9e commandante adjointe de la Force int\u00e9rimaire de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des Nations unies pour Abiy\u00e9, une parmi le petit nombre de femmes qui aient jamais occup\u00e9 ce poste de commandement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Les chefs militaires et civils \u00e9thiopiens d\u00e9clarent qu\u2019ils ont l\u2019intention de continuer cet engagement envers le maintien de la paix pour le futur.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Quels que soient les probl\u00e8mes que nous affronterons, nous assurerons la paix et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, m\u00eame au sacrifice de notre vie \u00bb, d\u00e9clare le capitaine Gabrhiwot Gebru, commandant adjoint du bataillon \u00e9thiopien de la mission des Nations unies au Soudan du Sud.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Lorsque la Cor\u00e9e du Sud faisait face \u00e0 une incursion communiste du Nord en 1950, elle avait demand\u00e9 au monde de l\u2019aider. Un pays d\u2019Afrique a r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 cet appel : l\u2019\u00c9thiopie.\u00a0 L\u2019empereur Ha\u00efl\u00e9 S\u00e9lassi\u00e9 forma un bataillon de sa garde imp\u00e9riale et le d\u00e9ploya au combat sous le drapeau des Nations unies.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19754,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-20300","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa Pr\u00e9servation D\u2019une Tradition De Maintien De La Paix - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/12\/la-preservation-dune-tradition-de-maintien-de-la-paix\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La Pr\u00e9servation D\u2019une Tradition De Maintien De La Paix - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Lorsque la Cor\u00e9e du Sud faisait face \u00e0 une incursion communiste du Nord en 1950, elle avait demand\u00e9 au monde de l\u2019aider. 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