{"id":19340,"date":"2020-12-02T11:27:07","date_gmt":"2020-12-02T16:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=19340"},"modified":"2020-12-02T11:27:27","modified_gmt":"2020-12-02T16:27:27","slug":"une-appli-aide-les-pecheurs-ghaneens-a-combattre-les-chalutiers-illegaux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/12\/une-appli-aide-les-pecheurs-ghaneens-a-combattre-les-chalutiers-illegaux\/","title":{"rendered":"Une appli aide les p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens \u00e0 combattre les chalutiers ill\u00e9gaux"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Les p\u00eacheurs artisanaux du Ghana, furieux d\u2019\u00eatre sans cesse priv\u00e9s de nourriture et de revenus par les chalutiers \u00e9trangers, utilisent une nouvelle appli de smartphone pour d\u00e9celer et signaler la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale,<\/p>\n

Plus de 100 p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens utilisent cette appli appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Dase\u00a0\u00bb, qui veut dire \u00ab\u00a0preuve\u00a0\u00bb en fanti (langue ghan\u00e9enne). Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e r\u00e9cemment par l\u2019Environmental Justice Foundation [Fondation pour la justice environnementale], organisation non gouvernementale qui \u0153uvre pour combattre la p\u00eache illicite, non d\u00e9clar\u00e9e ou non r\u00e9glement\u00e9e en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest.<\/p>\n

La p\u00eache est vitale pour le Ghana, o\u00f9 travaillent plus de 100.000 p\u00eacheurs avec 11.000 pirogues, selon Steve Trent, directeur ex\u00e9cutif de la fondation. L\u2019appli est aussi en cours de d\u00e9veloppement pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e au Liberia et en Sierra Leone.<\/p>\n

Dans son email \u00e0 ADF<\/em>, M. Trent d\u00e9clare que \u00ab\u00a0la p\u00eache maritime [du Ghana] est un moyen de subsistance pour plus de 2,7 millions de personnes, soit pr\u00e8s de 10\u00a0% de la population. Plus de 200 villages du littoral d\u00e9pendent de la p\u00eache pour leur source principale de revenu.\u00a0 Toutefois, les stocks de poissons ont fortement baiss\u00e9, en grande partie \u00e0 cause de la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e qui est pratiqu\u00e9e par les chalutiers industriels chinois.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

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EJF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Lorsqu\u2019un chalutier est soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 de p\u00eacher ill\u00e9galement, un p\u00eacheur artisanal peut ouvrir l\u2019appli et prendre en photo le navire, y compris son nom ou son num\u00e9ro d\u2019identification, pour enregistrer le lieu. L\u2019appli t\u00e9l\u00e9charge le rapport dans une base de donn\u00e9es centralis\u00e9e que les autorit\u00e9s peuvent utiliser pour arr\u00eater et sanctionner les contrevenants.<\/p>\n

Les experts d\u00e9clarent que la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale pourrait compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9cimer les petites esp\u00e8ces p\u00e9lagiques du Ghana, telles que les sardinelles, dont le nombre a diminu\u00e9 de 80\u00a0% au cours des vingt derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, selon la fondation. Les esp\u00e8ces p\u00e9lagiques vivent pr\u00e8s de la surface de l\u2019eau.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ces navires p\u00eachent pr\u00e8s du littoral, dans la zone r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux petits p\u00eacheurs, et ils utilisent des m\u00e9thodes interdites pour cibler les esp\u00e8ces de poissons qui devraient \u00eatre attrap\u00e9es par les communaut\u00e9s de p\u00eache locales, par exemple la sardinelle dont les stocks ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fortement \u00e9puis\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare M. Trent.<\/p>\n

L\u2019appli \u00ab\u00a0signifie que les p\u00eacheurs en pirogue n\u2019ont plus \u00e0 attendre passivement que les vaisseaux industriels p\u00eachent ill\u00e9galement dans leur zone de p\u00eache\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Nana Jojo Solomon, membre du comit\u00e9 ex\u00e9cutif du Conseil national ghan\u00e9en des p\u00eacheurs de pirogue, selon le reportage du Guardian<\/em>.<\/p>\n

La fondation a lanc\u00e9 l\u2019appli en novembre et souhaite encourager les p\u00eacheurs artisanaux \u00e0 l\u2019utiliser r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement.<\/p>\n

M. Trent d\u00e9clare\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Notre approche consiste \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des contacts directs avec les p\u00eacheurs par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire des autorit\u00e9s traditionnelles (les p\u00eacheurs en chef) sur les plages d\u2019accostage, avec les agents de vulgarisation de la p\u00eache et avec nos propres \u00e9quipes bas\u00e9es dans les communaut\u00e9s. Nous avons d\u00e9couvert que le moyen le plus efficace d\u2019assurer [que] des informations robustes et exploitables soient recueillies au cours du temps est de cr\u00e9er des liens de confiance et de d\u00e9velopper les capacit\u00e9s existantes pour que les p\u00eacheurs effectuent la surveillance.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Au cours des quinze derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens ont constat\u00e9 une baisse de 40\u00a0% de leurs revenus annuels moyens par pirogue artisanale, selon la fondation.\u00a0 La pratique du \u00ab\u00a0saiko\u00a0\u00bb, ou transbordement ill\u00e9gal des poissons en mer, contribue \u00e0 cette baisse.<\/p>\n

En 2017, le saiko permit de capturer 100.000 tonnes de poissons dans les eaux territoriales du Ghana, ce qui a co\u00fbt\u00e9 au pays des millions de dollars de revenu et a menac\u00e9 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et les emplois, selon la fondation. Cette ann\u00e9e-l\u00e0, les chalutiers industriels ont attrap\u00e9 \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s la m\u00eame quantit\u00e9 de poissons que le secteur de la p\u00eache locale, lorsqu\u2019on prend en compte les prises ill\u00e9gales et non d\u00e9clar\u00e9es, selon un rapport de la fondation et de l\u2019organisation non gouvernementale Hen Mpoano.<\/p>\n

Frederick Bortey est l\u2019un des nombreux p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens qui veulent que le gouvernement exclue les chalutiers industriels ill\u00e9gaux.<\/p>\n

M. Bortey a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 Voice of America\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Mes enfants n\u2019ont pas d\u2019argent pour aller \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole. Cela fait donc beaucoup de mal d\u2019en parler. Ils peuvent essayer de chasser ces gens pour nous. Nous aimerions cela, pour pouvoir p\u00eacher nous aussi dans notre propre pays.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les p\u00eacheurs artisanaux du Ghana, furieux d\u2019\u00eatre sans cesse priv\u00e9s de nourriture et de revenus par les chalutiers \u00e9trangers, utilisent une nouvelle appli de smartphone pour d\u00e9celer et signaler la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale, Plus de 100 p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens utilisent cette appli appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Dase\u00a0\u00bb, qui veut dire \u00ab\u00a0preuve\u00a0\u00bb en fanti (langue ghan\u00e9enne). Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-19340","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUne appli aide les p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens \u00e0 combattre les chalutiers ill\u00e9gaux - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/12\/une-appli-aide-les-pecheurs-ghaneens-a-combattre-les-chalutiers-illegaux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Une appli aide les p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens \u00e0 combattre les chalutiers ill\u00e9gaux - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les p\u00eacheurs artisanaux du Ghana, furieux d\u2019\u00eatre sans cesse priv\u00e9s de nourriture et de revenus par les chalutiers \u00e9trangers, utilisent une nouvelle appli de smartphone pour d\u00e9celer et signaler la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale, Plus de 100 p\u00eacheurs ghan\u00e9ens utilisent cette appli appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Dase\u00a0\u00bb, qui veut dire \u00ab\u00a0preuve\u00a0\u00bb en fanti (langue ghan\u00e9enne). 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