{"id":18388,"date":"2020-10-07T15:22:46","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T19:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=18388"},"modified":"2020-10-07T15:23:04","modified_gmt":"2020-10-07T19:23:04","slug":"le-zimbabwe-est-preoccupe-par-ce-que-coute-son-charbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/10\/le-zimbabwe-est-preoccupe-par-ce-que-coute-son-charbon\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Zimbabwe est pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par ce que co\u00fbte son charbon"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/em><\/p>\n

Les surveillants de la faune sauvage qui observent les rhinoc\u00e9ros noirs menac\u00e9s du Zimbabwe ont r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9couvert quelque chose d\u2019inattendu. Parmi le paysage vierge du parc national Hwange, un groupe de Chinois effectuait des forages pour chercher le charbon.<\/p>\n

L\u2019organisme de conservation zimbabw\u00e9en sans but lucratif Bhejane Trust a signal\u00e9 l\u2019incident sur sa page de Facebook le 1er septembre et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 de gestion des parcs et de la faune sauvage du Zimbabwe avait arr\u00eat\u00e9 les hommes et les avait livr\u00e9s \u00e0 la police. \u00ab\u00a0Toutefois, ils sont revenus rapidement avec un permis leur donnant le droit de continuer les forages exploratoires dans le parc\u00a0\u00bb, selon le groupe.<\/p>\n

Cette histoire a \u00e9t\u00e9 diffus\u00e9e au niveau international et a d\u00e9clench\u00e9 un outrage. Le hashtag #SaveHwangeNationalPark s\u2019est propag\u00e9 rapidement sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux.<\/p>\n

Le 7 septembre, l\u2019Association du droit de l\u2019environnement du Zimbabwe (ZELA) a port\u00e9 plainte devant la haute cour de justice du pays pour essayer d\u2019emp\u00eacher deux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises, le groupe minier Zhongxin Coal et Afrochine Smelting, de conduire des op\u00e9rations mini\u00e8res dans le parc, en mentionnant \u00ab\u00a0un risque aigu de d\u00e9gradation \u00e9cologique irr\u00e9versible\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le jour suivant, la ministre zimbabw\u00e9enne de l\u2019Information Monica Mutsvangwa a annonc\u00e9 une interdiction imm\u00e9diate, en d\u00e9clarant\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Des mesures sont en cours pour annuler imm\u00e9diatement tous les permis miniers dans les parcs nationaux\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9sidents locaux et les activistes ont c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9 ce qu\u2019ils esp\u00e8rent \u00eatre un tournant majeur pour la protection de la faune sauvage et l\u2019environnement en Afrique. Mais ceci pourrait \u00eatre un mirage\u00a0: le 15 septembre, un juge a prononc\u00e9 un non-lieu pour vice de proc\u00e9dure. ZELA est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e \u00e0 poursuivre sa plainte devant les tribunaux.<\/p>\n

Avec plus de 100 esp\u00e8ces de mammif\u00e8res et plus de 400 esp\u00e8ces d\u2019oiseaux, le parc national Hwange est l\u2019une des r\u00e9serves naturelles mondiales les plus diversifi\u00e9es. Mais ce parc de 14.651 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s est menac\u00e9 par la s\u00e9cheresse, le braconnage, le trafic ill\u00e9gal et, maintenant, l\u2019exploitation des mines.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0C\u2019est l\u2019un des plus grands parcs d\u2019animaux sauvages du monde et les mines seraient situ\u00e9es dans l\u2019une des zones les plus sauvages du parc\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Trevor Lane de Bhejane Trust au journal The Guardian<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Si le projet se poursuit, ce sera la fin du parc. Cela an\u00e9antirait l\u2019industrie du tourisme, qui rapporte plusieurs centaines de millions de dollars.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Le tourisme est l\u2019un des moyens par lesquels le pays esp\u00e8re raviver son \u00e9conomie en difficult\u00e9. Les mines constituent un autre moyen.<\/p>\n

La Chine est un investisseur majeur au Zimbabwe, qui esp\u00e8re que ses mines de charbon lui permettront de devenir exportateur d\u2019\u00e9nergie en 2023. Le pr\u00e9sident Emmerson Mnangagwa a exprim\u00e9 sa vision pour la croissance du secteur minier dans ce pays, pour qu\u2019il devienne une industrie de 12 milliards de dollars au cours des trois prochaines ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, le charbon a un co\u00fbt. On sait que les centrales thermiques produisent toute une gamme de contaminants dangereux pour les humains et l\u2019environnement.<\/p>\n

Selon Greenpeace, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s et les banques chinoises financent au moins 13 projets d\u2019\u00e9nergie de charbon en Afrique, et 9 autres sont pr\u00e9vus. Ceci se produit malgr\u00e9 la promesse du pr\u00e9sident chinois Xi Jinping faite en 2019 selon laquelle sa vaste initiative de la Nouvelle route de la soie devra \u00eatre \u00e9cologique et durable.<\/p>\n

L\u2019engagement de la Chine envers le charbon s\u2019oppose radicalement au but \u00e9nonc\u00e9 par M. Xi d\u2019un pays neutre en carbone en 2060. Encourager les pays africains \u00e0 investir fortement dans le charbon soumet la Chine \u00e0 des accusations d\u2019hypocrisie.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Il y a d\u00e9j\u00e0 beaucoup d\u2019investissements chinois en charbon dans la zone de Hwange \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur du parc, et une grande partie de ceux-ci provoque une pollution \u00e9norme\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Stephen Long de Bhejane Trust au Guardian<\/em>. \u00ab\u00a0La qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air dans certaines r\u00e9gions de Hwange doit \u00eatre aussi mauvaise que celle de la plupart des grandes villes, et probablement pire\u00a0; il est difficile de ne pas se rendre compte que les Chinois ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pollu\u00e9 leur propre pays et exportent maintenant leur pollution vers les pays pauvres tels que le n\u00f4tre. Il est improbable que les Zimbabw\u00e9ens puissent beaucoup b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de ces mines.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Long d\u00e9clare que les investissements dans le charbon manquent de vision.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00ab\u00a0Alors que le reste du monde abandonne le charbon et reconna\u00eet l\u2019existence de la crise climatique, pourquoi donc est-ce que le Zimbabwe intensifie son utilisation de la substance et, selon le pr\u00e9sident, pr\u00e9voit [de l\u2019utiliser] pendant des d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 l\u2019avenir\u00a0?\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les surveillants de la faune sauvage qui observent les rhinoc\u00e9ros noirs menac\u00e9s du Zimbabwe ont r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9couvert quelque chose d\u2019inattendu. Parmi le paysage vierge du parc national Hwange, un groupe de Chinois effectuait des forages pour chercher le charbon. L\u2019organisme de conservation zimbabw\u00e9en sans but lucratif Bhejane Trust a signal\u00e9 l\u2019incident sur sa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18388","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe Zimbabwe est pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par ce que co\u00fbte son charbon - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2020\/10\/le-zimbabwe-est-preoccupe-par-ce-que-coute-son-charbon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le Zimbabwe est pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par ce que co\u00fbte son charbon - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les surveillants de la faune sauvage qui observent les rhinoc\u00e9ros noirs menac\u00e9s du Zimbabwe ont r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9couvert quelque chose d\u2019inattendu. 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