{"id":137384,"date":"2026-05-19T14:56:28","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T18:56:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=137384"},"modified":"2026-05-19T14:56:28","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T18:56:28","slug":"boko-haram-et-la-paoei-se-disputent-le-controle-de-la-foret-de-sambisa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2026\/05\/boko-haram-et-la-paoei-se-disputent-le-controle-de-la-foret-de-sambisa\/","title":{"rendered":"Boko Haram et la PAOEI se disputent le contr\u00f4le de la for\u00eat de Sambisa"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

La for\u00eat de Sambisa s\u2019\u00e9tend sur 60.000\u00a0km carr\u00e9s au Nord-Est du Nigeria. C\u2019\u00e9tait jadis une r\u00e9serve naturelle florissante, populaire aupr\u00e8s des touristes, mais aujourd\u2019hui la plupart des animaux ont disparu\u00a0; ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9s par deux groupes militants qui se battent, et par les soldats qui les poursuivent.<\/p>\n

Le Groupe sunnite pour la pr\u00e9dication et le djihad (JAS) et la Province d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique (PAOEI) se battent pour le contr\u00f4le de la for\u00eat depuis 2016, lorsque Boko Haram s\u2019est scind\u00e9 en ces deux factions. Des rapports r\u00e9cents indiquent que les combats s\u2019intensifient.<\/p>\n

Du fait de sa vaste \u00e9tendue et sa v\u00e9g\u00e9tation dense qui offre une canop\u00e9e pour les repaires, Sambisa est un lieu strat\u00e9gique d\u00e9sirable pour lancer les attaques et contr\u00f4ler les routes de trafic.<\/p>\n

Malik Samuel, chercheur senior pour Good Governance Africa, d\u00e9clare \u00e0 ADF\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Pour le JAS, le conflit a commenc\u00e9 en tant que lutte pour survivre. Malgr\u00e9 leur rivalit\u00e9, les deux factions ont r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 remarquablement bien et conservent leur capacit\u00e9 de lutte contre les forces d\u2019\u00e9tat, notamment l\u2019arm\u00e9e nig\u00e9riane et la Force multinationale mixte.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

L\u2019analyste de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 Zagazola Makama bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Borno, en citant des sources locales, a signal\u00e9 de multiples batailles dans et autour de la for\u00eat de Sambisa. Les deux bellig\u00e9rants affirment avoir inflig\u00e9 des pertes lourdes.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Bien que ces affirmations ne soient pas v\u00e9rifi\u00e9es, elles indiquent l\u2019intensit\u00e9 de la rivalit\u00e9 entre les deux groupes, qui a \u00e9volu\u00e9 en conflit parall\u00e8le \u00e0 leur insurrection au sens large contre les forces d\u2019\u00e9tat\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit-il dans un rapport du 2 mai sur son site web.<\/p>\n

Depuis que Boko Haram a lanc\u00e9 son insurrection en 2009, le conflit s\u2019est propag\u00e9 dans les pays voisins du Cameroun, du Niger et du Tchad, ce qui a conduit \u00e0 la mort de plus de 40.000\u00a0civils et au d\u00e9placement de plus de 2\u00a0millions, selon les Nations unies.<\/p>\n

Alors que le JAS est connu pour les enl\u00e8vements, le pillage et les attaques meurtri\u00e8res, la PAOEI se concentre sur le contr\u00f4le du territoire, la perception des imp\u00f4ts et l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019une alternative de gouvernement locale, bien qu\u2019elle d\u00e9montre un m\u00e9pris vicieux pour la vie humaine. La for\u00eat de Sambisa et les \u00eeles du lac Tchad sont depuis longtemps des bastions strat\u00e9giques pour les deux factions.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Makama \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les derniers reportages sugg\u00e8rent que les insurg\u00e9s, malgr\u00e9 la pression de contre-terrorisme exerc\u00e9e, continuent \u00e0 maintenir des r\u00e9seaux de communication actifs et des capacit\u00e9s op\u00e9rationnelles au sein de ces enclaves. Les combats entre Boko Haram et la PAOEI sont de plus en plus consid\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 la fois comme un d\u00e9fi et une opportunit\u00e9\u00a0: un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 cause de l\u2019impr\u00e9visibilit\u00e9 qu\u2019ils introduisent et une opportunit\u00e9 car ils pourraient affaiblir la coh\u00e9sion d\u2019ensemble des forces d\u2019insurg\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion.\u00a0\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Les forces nig\u00e9rianes et multinationales \u00e9tant focalis\u00e9es sur la riposte \u00e0 la campagne de la PAOEI contre les installations militaires, le JAS a eu le temps et la place n\u00e9cessaires pour se regrouper, selon le chercheur Taiwo Adebayo, sp\u00e9cialiste de Boko Haram \u00e0 l\u2019Institut pour les \u00e9tudes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019Afrique du Sud.<\/p>\n

    \u00ab\u00a0Les strat\u00e9gies de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9\u00e9quilibr\u00e9es pour traiter le JAS comme une menace ind\u00e9pendante et adaptative, plut\u00f4t qu\u2019un simple rival de la PAOEI qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 affaibli\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il \u00e9crit dans une analyse de 2025.<\/p>\n

    Malik Samuel pr\u00e9dit une impasse \u00e0 long terme entre les deux groupes militants rivaux.<\/p>\n

    \u00ab\u00a0Il est difficile pour la PAOEI d\u2019acc\u00e9der au bastion du JAS \u00e0 Barwa, o\u00f9 [son chef] est bas\u00e9. Cela complique le lancement d\u2019une op\u00e9ration du type Sambisa pour \u00e9liminer le leadership du JAS. En second lieu, la proximit\u00e9 des deux groupes dans les \u00eeles rend la confrontation in\u00e9vitable, puisqu\u2019ils se font concurrence pour le territoire et les ressources.\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

    \u00ab\u00a0Toutefois, hors des \u00eeles, le JAS n\u2019est pas \u00e0 la hauteur de la PAOEI \u00e0 cause du plus grand nombre d\u2019effectifs, de la port\u00e9e territoriale, de la couverture et de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de cette derni\u00e8re, en plus de la pr\u00e9sence des combattants terroristes \u00e9trangers.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La for\u00eat de Sambisa s\u2019\u00e9tend sur 60.000\u00a0km carr\u00e9s au Nord-Est du Nigeria. C\u2019\u00e9tait jadis une r\u00e9serve naturelle florissante, populaire aupr\u00e8s des touristes, mais aujourd\u2019hui la plupart des animaux ont disparu\u00a0; ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9s par deux groupes militants qui se battent, et par les soldats qui les poursuivent. Le Groupe sunnite pour la<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":137284,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[1220,426,1242,484,1021,993,488,435,1256,485,1282],"class_list":{"0":"post-137384","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-boko-haram-fr","9":"tag-cameroun","10":"tag-etat-islamique","11":"tag-extremisme","12":"tag-insurrection","13":"tag-lac-tchad","14":"tag-niger-fr","15":"tag-nigeria-fr","16":"tag-paoei","17":"tag-tchad","18":"tag-terrorism-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBoko Haram et la PAOEI se disputent le contr\u00f4le de la for\u00eat de Sambisa - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/pt-pt\/?p=137386\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boko Haram et la PAOEI se disputent le contr\u00f4le de la for\u00eat de Sambisa - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La for\u00eat de Sambisa s\u2019\u00e9tend sur 60.000\u00a0km carr\u00e9s au Nord-Est du Nigeria. 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