{"id":125483,"date":"2025-05-06T13:41:14","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T17:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=125483"},"modified":"2025-05-06T13:42:08","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T17:42:08","slug":"la-campagne-dinfluence-russe-en-afrique-emploie-des-reporters-fantomes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2025\/05\/la-campagne-dinfluence-russe-en-afrique-emploie-des-reporters-fantomes\/","title":{"rendered":"La campagne d\u2019influence russe en Afrique emploie des \u00ab reporters fant\u00f4mes \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019analyste politico-militaire Gr\u00e9goire Cyrille Dongobada a \u00e9crit plus de 75 articles en deux ans et demi, concernant plus de douze pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest.<\/p>\n

Originaire de la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, il est aujourd\u2019hui bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris. Il utilise son analyse experte pour se concentrer sur les r\u00f4les des Fran\u00e7ais et des Russes dans le secteur africain de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, avec des manchettes comme \u00ab\u00a0Les raisons du sentiment anti-fran\u00e7ais en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0La jalousie de la France face aux succ\u00e8s de la pr\u00e9sence russe au Mali.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Il y a toutefois un probl\u00e8me\u00a0: Gr\u00e9goire Cyrille Dongobada n\u2019existe pas.<\/p>\n

Une enqu\u00eate r\u00e9cente des \u00ab\u00a0reporters fant\u00f4mes\u00a0\u00bb conduite par Al Jazeera a d\u00e9couvert plus de 15\u00a0auteurs qui ont sign\u00e9 au moins 200\u00a0articles depuis 2021 dans des publications distribu\u00e9es dans toute l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Les articles se conforment \u00e0 un profil bien connu de propagande russe qui accumule les critiques contre la France et les Nations unies tout en glorifiant la pr\u00e9sence des mercenaires russes.<\/p>\n

Al Jazeera d\u00e9clare dans une vid\u00e9o du 19 mars\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le pr\u00e9tendu analyste [Dongobada] a surgi de nulle part en f\u00e9vrier 2021. Il n\u2019y a pas de relev\u00e9 de son \u00e9ducation, pas d\u2019indication qu\u2019il soit li\u00e9 \u00e0 des groupes de r\u00e9flexion ou des universit\u00e9s, et pas d\u2019ant\u00e9c\u00e9dent d\u2019emploi.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Pour son reportage, Al Jazeera a analys\u00e9 des photos utilis\u00e9es par Dongobada sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et d\u00e9couvert qu\u2019elles correspondent \u00e0 un Centrafricain nomm\u00e9 Jean-Claude Sendeoli, enseignant et arbitre de football d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en 2020.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Al Jazeera a identifi\u00e9 un analyste militaire et politique imposteur promouvant la propagande russe comme \u00e9tant le Centrafricain appel\u00e9 Jean-Claude Sendeoli, enseignant et arbitre de football d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en 2020.
JEAN-CLAUDE SENDEOLI FACEBOOK<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Quelqu\u2019un, un agent d\u2019\u00e9tat ou non \u00e9tatique, utilise l\u2019identit\u00e9 de quelqu\u2019un qui est mort pour promouvoir sa propre propagande\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Michael Amoah, politologue de la London School of Economics, \u00e0 Al Jazeera.<\/p>\n

L\u2019investigation a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un r\u00e9seau d\u2019agents interm\u00e9diaires blanchissant la propagande et les paiements russes pour placer le contenu dans les publications africaines avec des auteurs fictifs qui semblent \u00eatre des personnes locales authentiques. Seth Boampong Wiredu, l\u2019un des interm\u00e9diaires, est venu du Ghana en Russie en 2008 pour faire ses \u00e9tudes dans la ville de Novgorod avant d\u2019obtenir la nationalit\u00e9 russe en 2019.<\/p>\n

Wiredu avait \u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9 auparavant \u00e0 des campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation russes similaires, selon Al Jazeera. L\u2019enqu\u00eate a d\u00e9couvert une plus forte pr\u00e9sence russe dans les pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest o\u00f9 les articles de propagande blanchie \u00e9taient publi\u00e9s. Ces pays incluent notamment le Burkina Faso, le Mali et le Niger, qui sont dirig\u00e9s par des gouvernements de junte militaire et travaillent avec les groupes mercenaires russes.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, les combattants russes ont manqu\u00e9 d\u2019endiguer la mar\u00e9e meurtri\u00e8re du terrorisme qui balaie le Sahel et menace les \u00e9tats c\u00f4tiers d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. En fait, des preuves cr\u00e9dibles de crime de guerre, notamment les ex\u00e9cutions sommaires, le viol et la torture, ont suivi les mercenaires russes du groupe Wagner et de l\u2019Africa Corps partout o\u00f9 ils \u00e9taient actifs.<\/p>\n

En plus de son influence militaire et politique, la strat\u00e9gie hybride du Kremlin inclut aussi l\u2019extraction syst\u00e9matique des ressources naturelles pr\u00e9cieuses et une avalanche de fausses informations con\u00e7ues pour tromper d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment les populations africaines cibl\u00e9es concernant leur gouvernement, les politiques et les actualit\u00e9s de la journ\u00e9e. Un rapport de 2024 publi\u00e9 par le Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques de l\u2019Afrique montre que la Russie est le premier pourvoyeur de ces campagnes parrain\u00e9es par l\u2019\u00e9tat sur le continent\u00a0: 80 sur un total de pr\u00e8s de 200 campagnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9es \u00e0 la Russie. Ceci exc\u00e8de de loin tous les autres pays actifs dans l\u2019espace informationnel, notamment l\u2019Arabie saoudite, la Chine, les \u00c9mirats arabes unis et le Qatar.<\/p>\n

Aldu Cornelissen est co-fondateur de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 sud-africaine Murmur Intelligence qui analyse les r\u00e9seaux sociaux. Il d\u00e9crit la strat\u00e9gie russe des r\u00e9seaux sociaux sur le continent comme un \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9seau global de comptes cl\u00e9s qui sont entrelac\u00e9s avec d\u2019autres comptes cl\u00e9s dans le contexte africain.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0De l\u00e0, les agents influents locaux de chaque pays se chargent des messages et adaptent le r\u00e9cit au contexte local\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare-t-il \u00e0 Deutsche Welle.<\/p>\n

Alors que la Russie utilisait pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment ses propres usines \u00e0 troll pour diss\u00e9miner le contenu sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, le Dr\u00a0Cornelissen dit que les campagnes de propagande du Kremlin ont maintenant pour origine les gens qui partagent, ou sont familiaris\u00e9s avec, les aspects linguistiques et culturels des communaut\u00e9s locales. Il les appelle des \u00ab\u00a0nano-influenceurs\u00a0\u00bb et il a document\u00e9 leurs activit\u00e9s en Afrique du Sud.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ils sont tous pay\u00e9s, dit-il. Si vous payez 200 rands (11\u00a0dollars) par personne \u00e0 mille personnes, c\u2019est une campagne tr\u00e8s bon march\u00e9 pour \u00e9tablir un r\u00e9cit en un seul jour.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Beverly Ochieng, chercheuse au programme Afrique du Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques et internationales de Dakar (S\u00e9n\u00e9gal), note un exemple similaire\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Lorsqu\u2019un groupe de d\u00e9fense des droits civils du Mali affiche un article \u00e0 Bambara, il ne semble pas que cela provienne d\u2019un fonctionnaire russe, dit-elle \u00e0 DW. Il semble \u00eatre l\u2019opinion authentique de quelqu\u2019un qui parle la langue locale et conna\u00eet les sensibilit\u00e9s du peuple.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019analyste politico-militaire Gr\u00e9goire Cyrille Dongobada a \u00e9crit plus de 75 articles en deux ans et demi, concernant plus de douze pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Originaire de la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, il est aujourd\u2019hui bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris. Il utilise son analyse experte pour se concentrer sur les r\u00f4les des Fran\u00e7ais et des Russes dans le secteur africain<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":125473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[565,489,1150,434,1151,1165,488,1274,618,487,1282],"class_list":{"0":"post-125483","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-afrique-de-louest","9":"tag-burkina-faso-fr","10":"tag-central-african-republic-fr","11":"tag-mali-fr","12":"tag-mercenary-fr","13":"tag-misinformation-fr","14":"tag-niger-fr","15":"tag-propaganda-fr","16":"tag-russie","17":"tag-sahel-fr","18":"tag-terrorism-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa campagne d\u2019influence russe en Afrique emploie des \u00ab reporters fant\u00f4mes \u00bb - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/ar\/?p=125486\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La campagne d\u2019influence russe en Afrique emploie des \u00ab reporters fant\u00f4mes \u00bb - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019analyste politico-militaire Gr\u00e9goire Cyrille Dongobada a \u00e9crit plus de 75 articles en deux ans et demi, concernant plus de douze pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. 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