{"id":123149,"date":"2025-02-11T13:23:36","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T18:23:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=123149"},"modified":"2025-02-11T13:23:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T18:23:57","slug":"alors-que-le-soudan-est-en-proie-a-une-guerre-civile-liran-et-la-russie-y-cherchent-des-bases-militaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2025\/02\/alors-que-le-soudan-est-en-proie-a-une-guerre-civile-liran-et-la-russie-y-cherchent-des-bases-militaires\/","title":{"rendered":"Alors que le Soudan est en proie \u00e0 une guerre civile, l\u2019Iran et la Russie y cherchent des bases militaires"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

L\u2019Iran et la Russie cherchent \u00e0 tirer profit du chaos au Soudan en cherchant de nouveaux sites pour \u00e9tablir des bases militaires.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les deux pays \u00e9taient des sympathisants de longue date du r\u00e9gime syrien dirig\u00e9 par Bachar el-Assad, r\u00e9gime que les rebelles ont renvers\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre. L\u2019Iran et la Russie avaient tous les deux des bases militaires en Syrie qu\u2019ils utilisaient pour projeter une influence r\u00e9gionale. Les pays ont entrepris de n\u00e9gocier avec le Soudan l\u2019an dernier lorsque les rebelles commenc\u00e8rent \u00e0 renverser la situation dans la guerre de Syrie.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Iran et la Russie soutiennent tous les deux les Forces arm\u00e9es soudanaises (FAS), lesquelles se battent pour le contr\u00f4le du pays contre les Forces de soutien rapide (FSR), un groupe paramilitaire, depuis avril 2023. Les pourparlers de cessez-le-feu ont \u00e9chou\u00e9 et la crise humanitaire monte en fl\u00e8che.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, l\u2019interf\u00e9rence \u00e9trang\u00e8re intensive prolonge la guerre, selon Emadeddin Badi, associ\u00e9 non r\u00e9sident principal des programmes du Moyen-Orient \u00e0 l\u2019Atlantic Council.<\/p>\n

Il \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Bien que les acteurs \u00e9trangers aident \u00e0 intensifier la souffrance du Soudan, un effort international visant \u00e0 mettre un terme \u00e0 la guerre et offrir l\u2019assistance n\u00e9cessaire au peuple du Soudan fait d\u00e9faut. Il est essentiel de d\u00e9nouer la toile des int\u00e9r\u00eats ext\u00e9rieurs pour cultiver une r\u00e9ponse internationale ad\u00e9quate \u00e0 cette crise.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

La Russie, qui d\u00e9tient de vastes int\u00e9r\u00eats d\u2019extraction aurif\u00e8re et de contrebande au Soudan, demande depuis des ann\u00e9es une base militaire \u00e0 Port Soudan, contr\u00f4l\u00e9 par les FAS. Sous le pr\u00e9sident Assad, la Russie g\u00e9rait la base a\u00e9rienne syrienne de Hmeimim, qui \u00e9tait cruciale pour faciliter le transfert des forces et des armes lourdes vers l\u2019Afrique. Aujourd\u2019hui, Moscou doit restructurer ses routes de soutien.<\/p>\n

Le Soudan a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 cette id\u00e9e et d\u00e9menti les rapports selon lesquels il avait rejet\u00e9 la proposition de Moscou. En \u00e9change de la base militaire, on signale que la Russie a offert au Soudan un mat\u00e9riel militaire avanc\u00e9, notamment le syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense anti-missiles S-400.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ce n\u2019est pas une honte de donner une base militaire \u00e0 tout pays sur la mer Rouge avec qui nous avons des partenariats \u00e9conomiques\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Yasir El Atta, chef d\u2019\u00e9tat-major adjoint des FAS, \u00e0 la cha\u00eene d\u2019actualit\u00e9 saoudienne Al Hadath News l\u2019an dernier.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Iran souhaite ancrer un porte-h\u00e9licopt\u00e8res sur la c\u00f4te du Soudan. Le Soudan n\u2019a pas encore convenu de cela mais les analystes du Robert Lansing Institute for Global Threats and Democracies Studies pensent que les FAS pourraient adoucir cette position alors que la guerre brutale continue.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Iran et le Soudan ont de longs ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents de relations bilat\u00e9rales, pas toujours positives. En 2016, Khartoum avait coup\u00e9 ses relations officielles avec T\u00e9h\u00e9ran. Depuis lors, les pays ont conduit des r\u00e9unions multilat\u00e9rales sur des questions telles que la coop\u00e9ration en mati\u00e8re d\u2019agriculture, mais les relations n\u2019ont jamais compl\u00e8tement repris.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, les observateurs avertissent que le rapprochement avec l\u2019Iran pourrait laisser le Soudan encore plus isol\u00e9 lorsque la guerre se terminera. Andrew McGregor \u00e9crit pour le journal Terrorism Monitor\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Lorsque le conflit actuel prendra fin, le Soudan n\u00e9cessitera de l\u2019aide, pas des obstacles, pour sa reconstruction et devra chercher une assistance plus loin qu\u2019en Iran. Tous ces facteurs s\u2019opposent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019une installation navale iranienne au Soudan ou d\u2019une alliance officielle.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

La Russie et l\u2019Iran fournissent aussi aux FAS des armes et du mat\u00e9riel militaire. Les drones iraniens Mohajer-6 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s extensivement par les FAS pour reconqu\u00e9rir certaines portions d\u2019Omdourman, ce qui a souvent provoqu\u00e9 des victimes civiles.<\/p>\n

Cette \u00ab\u00a0assistance aux FAS s\u2019inscrit aussi dans une dynamique qui pr\u00e9c\u00e9dait la guerre, et qui \u00e9voque de nouveau le combat d\u2019influence entre l\u2019Iran et l\u2019Arabie saoudite\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit Eric Lob de la Florida International University dans The Conversation.<\/p>\n

Armer les FAS soutient aussi les objectifs g\u00e9opolitiques plus vastes de l\u2019Iran en pr\u00e9sence d\u2019une concurrence plus concentr\u00e9e d\u2019Isra\u00ebl et des \u00c9mirats arabes unis.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0En m\u00eame temps, cela peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer \u00eatre une source lucrative de revenu pour l\u2019\u00e9conomie iranienne, ainsi qu\u2019une vitrine pour la technologie du pays\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit M.\u00a0Lob.<\/p>\n

Selon Amnesty International, la Russie a export\u00e9 des types vari\u00e9s d\u2019armes l\u00e9g\u00e8res, notamment les fusils Tigr d\u00e9sign\u00e9s pour les francs-tireurs et les fusils Saiga-MK qui sont normalement vendus aux propri\u00e9taires d\u2019armes civils, vers les marchands d\u2019armes ayant des liens robustes avec les FAS. La Russie a aussi vendu \u00e0 l\u2019arm\u00e9e des millions de barils de carburant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Iran et la Russie cherchent \u00e0 tirer profit du chaos au Soudan en cherchant de nouveaux sites pour \u00e9tablir des bases militaires. Les deux pays \u00e9taient des sympathisants de longue date du r\u00e9gime syrien dirig\u00e9 par Bachar el-Assad, r\u00e9gime que les rebelles ont renvers\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre. L\u2019Iran et la Russie avaient tous les deux des<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":123143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[929,618,1016,1181],"class_list":{"0":"post-123149","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-iran-fr","9":"tag-russie","10":"tag-securite-nationale","11":"tag-sudan-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAlors que le Soudan est en proie \u00e0 une guerre civile, l\u2019Iran et la Russie y cherchent des bases militaires - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/ar\/?p=123152\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alors que le Soudan est en proie \u00e0 une guerre civile, l\u2019Iran et la Russie y cherchent des bases militaires - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019Iran et la Russie cherchent \u00e0 tirer profit du chaos au Soudan en cherchant de nouveaux sites pour \u00e9tablir des bases militaires. 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