{"id":121834,"date":"2024-12-31T08:16:03","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T13:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=121834"},"modified":"2024-12-31T08:16:21","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T13:16:21","slug":"les-experts-exhortent-lafrique-du-sud-a-confronter-la-radicalisation-et-les-menaces-liees-au-financement-du-terrorisme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2024\/12\/les-experts-exhortent-lafrique-du-sud-a-confronter-la-radicalisation-et-les-menaces-liees-au-financement-du-terrorisme\/","title":{"rendered":"Les experts exhortent l\u2019Afrique du Sud \u00e0 confronter la radicalisation et les menaces li\u00e9es au financement du terrorisme"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

Les enfants sud-africains sont radicalis\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de 11\u00a0ans et recrut\u00e9s pour commettre des actes de terrorisme, selon les experts de l\u2019Institut d\u2019\u00e9tudes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (ISS) qui se sont exprim\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la Conf\u00e9rence et expo sur la gestion des fronti\u00e8res \u00e0 Pretoria en novembre.<\/p>\n

Les jeunes des r\u00e9gions de l\u2019East Rand, Hillbrow, Mayfair et Soweto sont radicalis\u00e9s dans les m\u00e9dersas, ces \u00e9coles ou coll\u00e8ges religieux qui enseignent des mati\u00e8res islamiques. Ils sont aussi de plus en plus cibl\u00e9s par les groupes terroristes sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux.<\/p>\n

Selon l\u2019institut, le risque n\u2019est pas contr\u00e9 efficacement \u00e0 cause de la carence des capacit\u00e9s de renseignement. Willem Els <\/strong>de l\u2019ISS d\u00e9clare dans un rapport de Protection Web\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Ceci perdure de fa\u00e7on soutenue. Si nous ne le g\u00e9rons pas dans ses premi\u00e8res phases, il pourrait d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

La radicalisation des jeunes alimente les trois menaces terroristes principales pesant sur le pays\u00a0: le terrorisme islamiste, les groupes d\u2019extr\u00eame droite et l\u2019\u00e9mergence de l\u2019Afrique du Sud comme bastion du financement de l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique et autres organisations terroristes. M.\u00a0Els dit que les groupes d\u2019extr\u00eame droite repr\u00e9sentent une menace moins grave que les autres parce que ces groupes sont surveill\u00e9s efficacement.<\/p>\n

Un centre du financement du terrorisme<\/strong><\/p>\n

En 2023, le Groupe d\u2019action financi\u00e8re a plac\u00e9 l\u2019Afrique du Sud sur sa \u00ab\u00a0liste grise\u00a0\u00bb parce que le pays n\u2019affrontait pas efficacement la menace de blanchiment d\u2019argent et de financement du terrorisme. Du fait de son placement sur la liste grise, le pays est sujet \u00e0 une surveillance \u00e9conomique et une r\u00e9glementation plus strictes par le groupe.<\/p>\n

L\u2019experte anti-terroriste sud-africaine <\/em>Jasmine Opperman a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans un rapport publi\u00e9 conjointement par <\/em>R\u00e9daction Africanews<\/a> et l\u2019Agence France-Presse\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le fait que nous soyons une plateforme est d\u00e9sormais accept\u00e9 internationalement.\u00a0\u00bb Elle ajoute que l\u2019Afrique du Sud est aujourd\u2019hui un \u00ab\u00a0terrain de chasse\u00a0\u00bb pour les transferts d\u2019argent par les terroristes.<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u2019Afrique du Sud conduit des investigations concernant 20\u00a0cas de financement du terrorisme dans le but d\u2019\u00eatre \u00e9limin\u00e9e de la liste grise, et cela pourrait se produire \u00e0 la suite d\u2019un autre audit pr\u00e9vu pour l\u2019an prochain, selon Protection Web.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Pourquoi l\u2019Afrique du Sud est-elle un lieu attrayant pour le financement terroriste\u00a0?\u00a0\u00bb, a demand\u00e9 M.\u00a0Els \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence. \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019infrastructure et un syst\u00e8me bancaire avanc\u00e9 facilitent les mouvements d\u2019argent.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Il ajoute que les hauts niveaux de criminalit\u00e9 en Afrique du Sud facilitent l\u2019obtention des fonds illicites et que les hauts niveaux de corruption permettent aux criminels d\u2019agir en toute impunit\u00e9. Les groupes terroristes travaillent couramment et \u00e9troitement avec les syndicats du crime. Une grande partie de l\u2019argent quitte l\u2019Afrique du Sud \u00e0 destination de la Somalie, de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo et du Mozambique.<\/p>\n

M.\u00a0Els exhorte l\u2019Afrique du Sud \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une approche au terrorisme qui soit proactive plut\u00f4t que r\u00e9active, et il d\u00e9clare que le financement du terrorisme et le blanchiment d\u2019argent devraient \u00eatre continuellement pris pour cible. Il dit que les autorit\u00e9s devraient adopter une \u00ab\u00a0approche plus holistique\u00a0\u00bb de la strat\u00e9gie sud-africaine du contre-terrorisme, qui est tenue secr\u00e8te. Il exhorte aussi d\u2019autres pays \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre la strat\u00e9gie contre le crime organis\u00e9 transnational de la Communaut\u00e9 de d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019Afrique australe et sa strat\u00e9gie de contre-terrorisme.<\/p>\n

Des fronti\u00e8res poreuses<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les fronti\u00e8res poreuses du pays exacerbent la menace terroriste. Ces fronti\u00e8res sont gard\u00e9es par l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de gestion des fronti\u00e8res (BMA), agence mal pourvue en personnel et mal financ\u00e9e qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2023. Le ministre de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur Leon Schreiber a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans un rapport publi\u00e9 en novembre sur defenceWeb que l\u2019autorit\u00e9 a actuellement une insuffisance de personnel de plus de 3.200\u00a0postes et fait face \u00e0 un d\u00e9ficit budg\u00e9taire \u00e0 moyen terme de 4,3\u00a0milliards de rands (240.477.500\u00a0dollars) sur trois ans.<\/p>\n

Un danger particulier concerne la fronti\u00e8re entre l\u2019Afrique du Sud et le Mozambique, o\u00f9 les troubles sociaux et l\u2019insurrection de la province du Cabo Delgado, qui remonte \u00e0 sept ans, en fond un centre de recrutement pour les terroristes et un lieu d\u2019activit\u00e9 criminelle. La mission de la Communaut\u00e9 de d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019Afrique australe au Mozambique s\u2019est retir\u00e9e en juillet 2024 pour se concentrer en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, ce qui a laiss\u00e9 un vide s\u00e9curitaire.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 ses carences, l\u2019autorit\u00e9 a r\u00e9cemment enregistr\u00e9 des succ\u00e8s avec les cellules de traite des \u00eatres humains. Le commissaire Michael Masiapato de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 la mi-d\u00e9cembre que des op\u00e9rations r\u00e9centes aux points d\u2019entr\u00e9e de Beitbridge et Lebombo \u00ab\u00a0ont eu des succ\u00e8s importants pour perturber les activit\u00e9s ill\u00e9gales, notamment la traite humaine et le trafic des enfants\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le 6 d\u00e9cembre, des gardes de la BMA ont intercept\u00e9 un taxi utilis\u00e9 pour essayer de trafiquer 14\u00a0enfants mozambicains sans papiers de 4 \u00e0 16 ans en Afrique du Sud par Lebombo. Les autorit\u00e9s ont arr\u00eat\u00e9 le chauffeur et remis les enfants au minist\u00e8re du D\u00e9veloppement social.<\/p>\n

Le jour suivant \u00e0 Beitbridge, huit ressortissants du Bangladesh sont sortis d\u2019un taxi sur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 zimbabw\u00e9en de la fronti\u00e8re et ont essay\u00e9 d\u2019entrer en Afrique du Sud sans document de voyage valide. Les gardes de la BMA les ont intercept\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019occasion d\u2019une patrouille de routine.<\/p>\n

Le commissaire Masiapato a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Ces incidents soulignent le r\u00f4le crucial jou\u00e9 par les gardes-fronti\u00e8res en prot\u00e9geant les personnes vuln\u00e9rables et en \u00e9vitant l\u2019exploitation de nos fronti\u00e8res par les syndicats du crime. La BMA reste r\u00e9solue dans sa mission visant \u00e0 combattre les activit\u00e9s ill\u00e9gales et prot\u00e9ger la souverainet\u00e9 de l\u2019Afrique du Sud.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les enfants sud-africains sont radicalis\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de 11\u00a0ans et recrut\u00e9s pour commettre des actes de terrorisme, selon les experts de l\u2019Institut d\u2019\u00e9tudes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (ISS) qui se sont exprim\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la Conf\u00e9rence et expo sur la gestion des fronti\u00e8res \u00e0 Pretoria en novembre. Les jeunes des r\u00e9gions de l\u2019East Rand,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":121828,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[411,1242,464,1024,1282],"class_list":{"0":"post-121834","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-afrique-du-sud","9":"tag-etat-islamique","10":"tag-mozambique-fr","11":"tag-securite-des-frontieres","12":"tag-terrorism-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes experts exhortent l\u2019Afrique du Sud \u00e0 confronter la radicalisation et les menaces li\u00e9es au financement du terrorisme - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/ar\/?p=121837\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les experts exhortent l\u2019Afrique du Sud \u00e0 confronter la radicalisation et les menaces li\u00e9es au financement du terrorisme - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les enfants sud-africains sont radicalis\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de 11\u00a0ans et recrut\u00e9s pour commettre des actes de terrorisme, selon les experts de l\u2019Institut d\u2019\u00e9tudes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (ISS) qui se sont exprim\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la Conf\u00e9rence et expo sur la gestion des fronti\u00e8res \u00e0 Pretoria en novembre. 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