{"id":117618,"date":"2024-09-17T15:04:55","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T19:04:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=117618"},"modified":"2024-09-17T15:05:50","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T19:05:50","slug":"la-menace-des-groupes-extremistes-continue-a-augmenter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2024\/09\/la-menace-des-groupes-extremistes-continue-a-augmenter\/","title":{"rendered":"La menace des groupes extr\u00e9mistes continue \u00e0 augmenter"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

La vice-secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies Amina Mohammed \u00e9tait l\u2019un de plusieurs intervenants qui ont fourni des \u00e9valuations sombres sur la violence extr\u00e9miste \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence au sommet sur le contre-terrorisme d\u2019Abuja (Nigeria) cette ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Elle a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La situation en Afrique, et particuli\u00e8rement au Sahel, est d\u00e9sastreuse, et certains groupes terroristes parmi les plus violents y sont actifs\u00a0; la r\u00e9gion enregistre aujourd\u2019hui pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 de tous les d\u00e9c\u00e8s dus au terrorisme dans le monde.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident de la Commission de l\u2019Union africaine Mousa Faki Mahamat a cit\u00e9 les donn\u00e9es du Centre africain d\u2019\u00e9tudes et de recherche sur le terrorisme en Alg\u00e9rie et a mis en \u00e9vidence quelques statistiques qui donnent \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir\u00a0: en moyenne, il y avait 8 incidents et 44 victimes par jour sur le continent en 2023.<\/p>\n

On a enregistr\u00e9 plus de 16.000\u00a0morts en 2023, y compris plus de 7.000\u00a0civils et 4.000\u00a0membres des forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le terrorisme et l\u2019extr\u00e9misme violent sont les plus grands maux de notre \u00e9poque\u00a0; ils se propagent dans toutes les cinq r\u00e9gions d\u2019Afrique.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les menaces pos\u00e9es par les organisations extr\u00e9mistes violentes sur le continent \u00e9voluent constamment, \u00e0 mesure que les deux organismes principaux, Al-Qa\u00efda et l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique, exploitent \u00ab\u00a0un d\u00e9ficit des capacit\u00e9s de contre-terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb, selon un rapport du 13 ao\u00fbt par un panel d\u2019experts onusiens.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La situation devient de plus en plus complexe par suite du couplage des diff\u00e9rends ethniques et r\u00e9gionaux avec le programme et les op\u00e9rations de ces groupes.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Une s\u00e9rie d\u2019infographie publi\u00e9e par le Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques de l\u2019Afrique (CESA) le 13 ao\u00fbt montre la mont\u00e9e en fl\u00e8che du nombre de gens tu\u00e9s par la violence des militants extr\u00e9mistes dans certaines r\u00e9gions au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, alors que les chiffres sont en baisse dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
CENTRE D\u2019\u00c9TUDES STRAT\u00c9GIQUES DE L\u2019AFRIQUE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le Sahel\u00a0:<\/strong> La r\u00e9gion qui recensait le nombre le plus faible de morts il y a dix ans est celle qui en a enregistr\u00e9 le plus au cours des droits derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Le CESA d\u00e9clare\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les 11.200 personnes tu\u00e9es au Sahel en 2024 [jusqu\u2019au 30 juin], soit trois fois plus qu\u2019en 2021, repr\u00e9sentent aujourd\u2019hui plus de la moiti\u00e9 de toutes les victimes signal\u00e9es sur le continent. La violence des forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 contre les civils provoque toujours une augmentation du recrutement par les groupes extr\u00e9mistes violents. Les juntes militaires sah\u00e9liennes et leurs milices alli\u00e9es ont tu\u00e9 plus de civils l\u2019an dernier (2.430) que ne l\u2019ont fait les groupes islamistes (2.050).\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les experts de l\u2019ONU soulignent \u00ab\u00a0un d\u00e9ficit des capacit\u00e9s de contre-terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb qu\u2019Al-Qa\u00efda et l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique continuent \u00e0 exploiter.<\/p>\n

La Somalie\u00a0:<\/strong> Les chebabs sont pr\u00e9sents depuis trente ans et ont transform\u00e9 ce pays chancelant en deuxi\u00e8me champ de bataille sur le continent au cours des trois derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Le centre \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les 6.590 morts signal\u00e9s en 2024 sont plus du double des morts signal\u00e9s en 2020.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les chebabs continuent \u00e0 avoir une pr\u00e9sence paralysante, alors que Daech-Somalie repr\u00e9sentait moins d\u2019un pour cent des activit\u00e9s terroristes en Somalie et au Kenya cette ann\u00e9e. Malgr\u00e9 des pertes importantes dues aux frappes a\u00e9riennes et aux op\u00e9rations militaires, \u00ab\u00a0les chebabs restent r\u00e9silients\u00a0\u00bb. Les experts onusiens estiment qu\u2019ils ont entre 7.000 et 12.000\u00a0combattants et qu\u2019ils per\u00e7oivent 100\u00a0millions de dollars par an, principalement sous forme d\u2019imp\u00f4ts, \u00e0 Mogadiscio et dans le Sud de la Somalie.<\/p>\n

Le bassin du lac Tchad\u00a0:<\/strong> Il y a une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, cette r\u00e9gion \u00e9tait l\u2019\u00e9picentre de la violence terroriste en Afrique avec 67\u00a0% de tous les d\u00e9c\u00e8s, soit 13.670\u00a0par an selon le CESA.<\/p>\n

Le rapport d\u00e9clare\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, la violence islamiste militante dans le bassin du Tchad (qui inclut le Nord-Est du Nigeria et les zones frontali\u00e8res du Cameroun, du Niger et du Tchad) a eu des hauts et des bas. Les deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es ont constat\u00e9 une hausse des \u00e9v\u00e9nements violents, apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9clin. Toutefois, le nombre annuel de morts li\u00e9s \u00e0 ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements est rest\u00e9 relativement stable, en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral entre 3.500 et 3.800.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Le Mozambique\u00a0:<\/strong> La province septentrionale du Cabo Delgado a constat\u00e9 avec horreur l\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019une insurrection locale en 2017, laquelle s\u2019est transform\u00e9e en groupe meurtrier de Daech-Mozambique. Des op\u00e9rations militaires multinationales ont d\u00e9grad\u00e9 les capacit\u00e9s du groupe mais le nombre d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements violents et de d\u00e9c\u00e8s a augment\u00e9 au cours des douze derniers mois.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les 250\u00a0\u00e9v\u00e9nements et 460\u00a0morts anticip\u00e9s \u00e0 la fin 2024 repr\u00e9senteraient pr\u00e8s du double de la violence de l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit le centre.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Afrique du Nord\u00a0:<\/strong> Du 30 juin 2014 au 30 juin 2015, on a recens\u00e9 3.650\u00a0morts dus au terrorisme\u00a0: c\u2019est le deuxi\u00e8me chiffre le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 du continent. Aujourd\u2019hui, cette r\u00e9gion a le nombre le plus bas de d\u00e9c\u00e8s signal\u00e9s parmi les cinq r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n

Le CESA \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Cette ann\u00e9e est la premi\u00e8re depuis 2010 o\u00f9 il n\u2019y a pas eu d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements violents li\u00e9s aux groupes islamistes militants en \u00c9gypte. Les Nations unies pensent que Daech-Libye et Al-Qa\u00efda ont toujours des combattants dans la partie Sud du pays, mais ils semblent se concentrer sur les profits de l\u2019\u00e9conomie illicite.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Bien que Mme\u00a0Mohammed reconnaisse la triste situation du continent, elle fait appel aux pays qui abritent ces points sensibles, et \u00e0 leurs voisins, pour \u0153uvrer avec l\u2019ONU et les autres organisations internationales afin de traiter les causes profondes du terrorisme. Elle ajoute que les gouvernements du continent doivent renouer leur \u00ab\u00a0contrat social\u00a0\u00bb avec les communaut\u00e9s et le peuple.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les terroristes sont accueillis par les gens qui sont profond\u00e9ment d\u00e9\u00e7us, exclus et d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9s. Lorsque nous cr\u00e9ons un environnement dans lequel les jeunes peuvent prosp\u00e9rer, nous pouvons dissuader la d\u00e9sillusion qui conduit certains \u00e0 penser que rejoindre les groupes terroristes tels que la PAOEI [Province d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique] ou Boko Haram offre de meilleures opportunit\u00e9s pour le d\u00e9veloppement de leur communaut\u00e9 et leur continent.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La vice-secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies Amina Mohammed \u00e9tait l\u2019un de plusieurs intervenants qui ont fourni des \u00e9valuations sombres sur la violence extr\u00e9miste \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence au sommet sur le contre-terrorisme d\u2019Abuja (Nigeria) cette ann\u00e9e. Elle a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La situation en Afrique, et particuli\u00e8rement au Sahel, est d\u00e9sastreuse, et certains groupes terroristes parmi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":117615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[489,426,1242,484,434,464,488,435,487,1266,538,485,1282],"class_list":{"0":"post-117618","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-burkina-faso-fr","9":"tag-cameroun","10":"tag-etat-islamique","11":"tag-extremisme","12":"tag-mali-fr","13":"tag-mozambique-fr","14":"tag-niger-fr","15":"tag-nigeria-fr","16":"tag-sahel-fr","17":"tag-shebabs","18":"tag-somalie","19":"tag-tchad","20":"tag-terrorism-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa menace des groupes extr\u00e9mistes continue \u00e0 augmenter - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2024\/09\/la-menace-des-groupes-extremistes-continue-a-augmenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La menace des groupes extr\u00e9mistes continue \u00e0 augmenter - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF La vice-secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies Amina Mohammed \u00e9tait l\u2019un de plusieurs intervenants qui ont fourni des \u00e9valuations sombres sur la violence extr\u00e9miste \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence au sommet sur le contre-terrorisme d\u2019Abuja (Nigeria) cette ann\u00e9e. 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