{"id":113217,"date":"2024-04-02T14:07:40","date_gmt":"2024-04-02T18:07:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=113217"},"modified":"2024-04-02T14:09:41","modified_gmt":"2024-04-02T18:09:41","slug":"la-russie-inonde-lafrique-avec-sa-desinformation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2024\/04\/la-russie-inonde-lafrique-avec-sa-desinformation\/","title":{"rendered":"La Russie inonde l\u2019Afrique avec sa d\u00e9sinformation"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

Un nouveau rapport montre que la d\u00e9sinformation a un impact majeur sur la vie des Africains, alors que les campagnes num\u00e9riques affaiblissent la stabilit\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la libert\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La Russie se distingue comme source primaire de d\u00e9sinformation en Afrique\u00a0; elle est aussi bien connue pour utiliser agressivement les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et publier des infox pour gagner de l\u2019influence. Elle parraine 80\u00a0campagnes document\u00e9es dans plus de 22\u00a0pays, soit pr\u00e8s de 40\u00a0% de toutes les campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation en Afrique.<\/p>\n

Ces chiffres proviennent d\u2019une nouvelle \u00e9tude conduite par le Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques de l\u2019Afrique (CESA), qui a document\u00e9 189\u00a0campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation sur le continent, soit pr\u00e8s de quatre fois le nombre signal\u00e9 en 2022.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 la nature opaque de la d\u00e9sinformation, ce chiffre est certainement inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9, d\u00e9clare le rapport du 13 mars. Les acteurs \u00e0 l\u2019origine des attaques de d\u00e9sinformation sophistiqu\u00e9es contre les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes m\u00e9diatiques africains tirent profit de l\u2019expansion rapide de la port\u00e9e et l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 des communications num\u00e9riques pour refa\u00e7onner les syst\u00e8mes d\u2019information du continent \u00e0 une \u00e9chelle et avec une vitesse qui seraient impossibles \u00e0 atteindre sur les plateformes analogiques traditionnelles.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Cette carte montre les campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation \u00e9trang\u00e8res sur le continent africain. Une nouvelle \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par le Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques de l\u2019Afrique a document\u00e9 189 campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation sur le continent, pr\u00e8s du quadruple du nombre signal\u00e9 en 2022.
CENTRE D\u2019\u00c9TUDES STRAT\u00c9GIQUES DE L\u2019AFRIQUE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L\u2019Afrique poss\u00e8de un nombre d\u2019internautes estim\u00e9 \u00e0 600\u00a0millions, y compris 400\u00a0millions actifs sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux. Les Africains sont parmi les utilisateurs les plus avides des plateformes de r\u00e9seaux sociaux, et ceux du Kenya et du Nigeria sont parmi ceux qui passent le plus de temps sur ces plateformes.<\/p>\n

Les taux de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration Internet varient, de 7\u00a0% en R\u00e9publique centrafricaine \u00e0 51\u00a0% au Nigeria, selon un rapport du groupe de r\u00e9flexion politique Atlantic Council et du laboratoire de recherche Digital Forensic Research Lab. De nombreux acteurs, \u00e9trangers aussi bien que continentaux, participent \u00e0 l\u2019intensification de la guerre de l\u2019information contre les Africains.<\/p>\n

Joseph Siegle, directeur de recherche du CESA, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans une interview du 23 mars sur Voice of America\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les principaux acteurs sont la Russie, la Chine et les \u00e9tats du golfe (Qatar, Arabie Saoudite et \u00c9mirats arabes unis), dans cet ordre. Environ 60\u00a0% de toutes les campagnes document\u00e9es que nous avons identifi\u00e9es sont sponsoris\u00e9es depuis l\u2019\u00e9tranger. Ils le font parce que c\u2019est un outil asym\u00e9trique peu co\u00fbteux mais performant pour gagner de l\u2019influence.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

La Russie, dont les objectifs incluent la capture des \u00e9tats, l\u2019extraction des ressources et les ventes d\u2019armes, a un grand int\u00e9r\u00eat pour saper la d\u00e9mocratie et soutenir les juntes militaires.<\/p>\n

Elle a promu les infox et la propagande dans au moins 19\u00a0pays africains, selon le rapport. Ses 80\u00a0campagnes de d\u00e9sinformation ont atteint des millions d\u2019internautes gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des dizaines de milliers de pages web coordonn\u00e9es, fausses et sponsoris\u00e9es, et des articles sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux.<\/p>\n

Comme exemple de la port\u00e9e russe, deux agents influents pro\u00e9minents de la d\u00e9sinformation ont un suivi combin\u00e9 de plus de 28\u00a0millions d\u2019internautes sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux. Leur contenu est amplifi\u00e9 quotidiennement par un vaste r\u00e9seau de centaines de comptes et de pages, tous li\u00e9s \u00e0 la Russie. Il cible les auditoires dans des lieux strat\u00e9giques pour les int\u00e9r\u00eats russes, par exemple au Sahel.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0En fa\u00e7onnant les r\u00e9cits sur ce qui se passe sur le terrain, cela influence comment le public interpr\u00e8te les \u00e9v\u00e9nements et a des cons\u00e9quences directes sur les normes de gouvernance et les politiques\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare le Dr\u00a0Siegle.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Beaucoup de ces campagnes ont pour objet de soutenir les juntes militaires ou les gouvernements autoritaires avec lesquels ces acteurs \u00e9trangers ont des conventions, et cela leur permet d\u2019avoir davantage d\u2019influence.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Un nouveau rapport montre que la d\u00e9sinformation a un impact majeur sur la vie des Africains, alors que les campagnes num\u00e9riques affaiblissent la stabilit\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la libert\u00e9. La Russie se distingue comme source primaire de d\u00e9sinformation en Afrique\u00a0; elle est aussi bien connue pour utiliser agressivement les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et publier<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":113207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[411,530,553,433,1165,464,435,1274,618,1667],"class_list":{"0":"post-113217","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-afrique-du-sud","9":"tag-algerie","10":"tag-chine","11":"tag-ghana-fr","12":"tag-misinformation-fr","13":"tag-mozambique-fr","14":"tag-nigeria-fr","15":"tag-propaganda-fr","16":"tag-russie","17":"tag--fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa Russie inonde l\u2019Afrique avec sa d\u00e9sinformation - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2024\/04\/la-russie-inonde-lafrique-avec-sa-desinformation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La Russie inonde l\u2019Afrique avec sa d\u00e9sinformation - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Un nouveau rapport montre que la d\u00e9sinformation a un impact majeur sur la vie des Africains, alors que les campagnes num\u00e9riques affaiblissent la stabilit\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la libert\u00e9. 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