{"id":110362,"date":"2023-10-31T15:11:03","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T19:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=110362"},"modified":"2023-10-31T15:12:38","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T19:12:38","slug":"la-violence-en-cours-menace-le-retrait-de-la-minusma-au-mali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/10\/la-violence-en-cours-menace-le-retrait-de-la-minusma-au-mali\/","title":{"rendered":"La violence en cours menace le retrait de la MINUSMA au Mali"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Deux a\u00e9ronefs de l\u2019arm\u00e9e malienne ont fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une fusillade par les rebelles \u00e0 la mi-ao\u00fbt lorsqu\u2019ils ont atterri dans un camp de la mission multidimensionnelle int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) \u00e0 <\/a>Tessalit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bien que l\u2019arm\u00e9e ait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l\u2019attaque avait \u00e9t\u00e9 repouss\u00e9e sans trop de probl\u00e8mes, elle s\u2019est produite alors que la MINUSMA se retirait du camp. La mission onusienne se retire aussi d\u2019une autre base \u00e0 Aguel\u2019hok, \u00e9galement dans la r\u00e9gion de Kidal, o\u00f9 les rebelles touaregs contr\u00f4lent des territoires depuis 2013.<\/p>\n

Les rebelles se battent continuellement avec les forces maliennes et les attaques dans le Nord du Mali se sont intensifi\u00e9es depuis que la MINUSMA a achev\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re phase de son retrait en ao\u00fbt dernier.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les Nations unies sont gravement pr\u00e9occup\u00e9es par la hausse des tensions et par la pr\u00e9sence de personnes arm\u00e9es dans le Nord du Mali, ce qui entravera probablement le d\u00e9part sans d\u00e9lai et en bon ordre de la mission multidimensionnelle int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA)\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 la mission.<\/p>\n

La MINUSMA s\u2019efforce de cl\u00f4turer douze camps et une base op\u00e9rationnelle temporaire, et de les transf\u00e9rer aux autorit\u00e9s maliennes au plus tard \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e. On anticipe que les forces de la MINUSMA, qui ont des effectifs de pr\u00e8s de 13.000, partiront avant le 31 d\u00e9cembre, ce qui laissera tous les d\u00e9fis de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 entre les mains des forces maliennes et de leurs alli\u00e9s, notamment le groupe Wagner de Russie.<\/p>\n

La MINUSMA essaie de retirer son \u00e9quipement, y compris environ 5.500\u00a0conteneurs maritimes et pr\u00e8s de 4.000\u00a0v\u00e9hicules qui seront d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s vers d\u2019autres missions ou rendus \u00e0 leur pays d\u2019origine.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, il est possible que l\u2019\u00e9quipement appartenant \u00e0 l\u2019ONU ou aux pays contributeurs de soldats ne soit pas r\u00e9cup\u00e9rable \u00e0 cause de la mont\u00e9e de la violence. Cela conduirait \u00e0 des pertes financi\u00e8res importantes pour les contributeurs et mettrait en danger les autres op\u00e9rations de l\u2019ONU. Cela compromettrait aussi les op\u00e9rations a\u00e9riennes de la MINUSMA visant \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger son personnel pendant le retrait.<\/p>\n

Le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat militaire r\u00e9cent dans le pays voisin du Niger complique encore plus le retrait de la MINUSMA, selon les propos du chef de mission El-Ghassim Wane devant le Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des Nations unies.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Il est vital de pouvoir transporter l\u2019\u00e9quipement et le mat\u00e9riel par le Niger et ses ports pour les renvoyer finalement vers les pays contributeurs de soldats et de policiers appropri\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il dit.<\/p>\n

La MINUSMA est entr\u00e9e au Mali il y a une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es mais en juin dernier la junte au pouvoir lui a demand\u00e9 de partir \u00ab\u00a0sans d\u00e9lai\u00a0\u00bb. Les derni\u00e8res troupes fran\u00e7aises ont quitt\u00e9 le Mali en ao\u00fbt 2022 apr\u00e8s neuf ans. La violence a grimp\u00e9 au Mali et dans la r\u00e9gion du Sahel alors que les troupes internationales partent.<\/p>\n

Depuis juillet, les terroristes li\u00e9s \u00e0 al-Qa\u00efda ont lanc\u00e9 une offensive dans le centre du Mali alors que des insurg\u00e9s li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique effectuent des attaques dans l\u2019Est. Tombouctou, qui \u00e9tait jadis une destination touristique populaire, est aujourd\u2019hui sujette \u00e0 un blocus par les rebelles touaregs.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ce conflit s\u2019intensifie rapidement\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Ulf Laessing, chef du programme du Sahel de la fondation Konrad Adenauer, au site web d\u2019actualit\u00e9 sud-africain News24. \u00ab\u00a0Le risque de guerre civile existe.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les civils sont de plus en plus sujets \u00e0 la violence des forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, y compris le groupe Wagner. Le Mali a enregistr\u00e9 une augmentation de 38\u00a0% des attaques contre les civils entre janvier et la fin septembre, compar\u00e9 \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode en 2022, selon le projet ACLED (Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project).<\/p>\n

La Wagner, qui est arriv\u00e9e dans le pays en 2021, est bl\u00e2m\u00e9e pour une grande partie de la violence contre les civils. Selon l\u2019ACLED, 71\u00a0% des engagements de la Wagner dans la violence politique au Mali ont pris la forme d\u2019attaques contre des cibles civiles.<\/p>\n

Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent cette ann\u00e9e, les niveaux de violence politique au Burkina Faso, au Mali et au Niger ont augment\u00e9 de 5\u00a0% compar\u00e9 \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode de l\u2019an dernier, et de 46\u00a0% compar\u00e9 \u00e0 2021, selon l\u2019ACLED.<\/p>\n

La mont\u00e9e de la violence co\u00efncide avec le d\u00e9part des forces onusiennes et fran\u00e7aises de la r\u00e9gion. D\u00e9j\u00e0 expuls\u00e9e par les r\u00e9gimes militaires au Burkina Faso et au Mali, la France a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 quitter le Niger vers la mi-octobre. Les analystes avertissent que le retrait de la France provoquera un vide s\u00e9curitaire que les organisations extr\u00e9mistes pourront exploiter, comme c\u2019est le cas au Burkina Faso et au Mali.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Il se peut que les forces fran\u00e7aises n\u2019aient pas vaincu ces groupes, mais elles ont au moins perturb\u00e9 et limit\u00e9 leurs activit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Rida Lyammouri, Senior Fellow au Policy Center for the New South (groupe de r\u00e9flexion bas\u00e9 au Maroc), \u00e0 l\u2019Associated Press.<\/p>\n

Il est maintenant probable que ces groupes \u00ab \u00e9tendront leurs activit\u00e9s dans les zones o\u00f9 les forces fran\u00e7aises fournissaient un soutien aux forces nig\u00e9riennes, en particulier \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re du Mali et du Burkina Faso \u00bb, ajoute-t-elle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Deux a\u00e9ronefs de l\u2019arm\u00e9e malienne ont fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une fusillade par les rebelles \u00e0 la mi-ao\u00fbt lorsqu\u2019ils ont atterri dans un camp de la mission multidimensionnelle int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) \u00e0 Tessalit. Bien que l\u2019arm\u00e9e ait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l\u2019attaque avait \u00e9t\u00e9 repouss\u00e9e sans trop de probl\u00e8mes, elle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":110356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[489,434,883,488,1282],"class_list":{"0":"post-110362","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-burkina-faso-fr","9":"tag-mali-fr","10":"tag-minusma-fr","11":"tag-niger-fr","12":"tag-terrorism-fr"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa violence en cours menace le retrait de la MINUSMA au Mali - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/10\/la-violence-en-cours-menace-le-retrait-de-la-minusma-au-mali\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La violence en cours menace le retrait de la MINUSMA au Mali - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Deux a\u00e9ronefs de l\u2019arm\u00e9e malienne ont fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une fusillade par les rebelles \u00e0 la mi-ao\u00fbt lorsqu\u2019ils ont atterri dans un camp de la mission multidimensionnelle int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) \u00e0 Tessalit. 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