{"id":108535,"date":"2023-08-22T14:26:17","date_gmt":"2023-08-22T18:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=108535"},"modified":"2023-08-22T14:28:05","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T18:28:05","slug":"les-analystes-craignent-que-le-coup-detat-du-niger-nencourage-les-terroristes-et-nintensifie-la-violence-au-sahel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/08\/les-analystes-craignent-que-le-coup-detat-du-niger-nencourage-les-terroristes-et-nintensifie-la-violence-au-sahel\/","title":{"rendered":"Les analystes craignent que le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat du Niger n\u2019encourage les terroristes et n\u2019intensifie la violence au Sahel"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Les terroristes du Jamaat Nosrat al-Islam wal-Mouslimin (JNIM) ont enlev\u00e9 Boubacar Moussa au Niger en 2019 et l\u2019ont forc\u00e9 \u00e0 se battre pour eux au Mali.<\/span><\/p>\n

M.\u00a0Moussa \u00e9tait avec le JNIM lorsque le Mali a \u00e9t\u00e9 sujet au premier de ses deux r\u00e9cents coups d\u2019\u00c9tat, en 2020. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, dit-il, de nombreux extr\u00e9mistes radicaux ont consid\u00e9r\u00e9 le renversement du gouvernement comme une opportunit\u00e9. Il craint maintenant que le r\u00e9cent coup d\u2019\u00c9tat au Niger n\u2019augmente le recrutement des extr\u00e9mistes, n\u2019intensifie peut-\u00eatre la violence et n\u2019\u00e9rode encore plus la stabilit\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9gion volatile du Sahel.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les djihadistes soutiennent beaucoup ce coup d\u2019\u00c9tat qui s\u2019est produit au Niger\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Associated Press (AP).<\/p>\n

Le Sahel explose d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 cause de la violence provoqu\u00e9e par al-Qa\u00efda et l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique. La r\u00e9gion repr\u00e9sentait 43\u00a0% de tous les d\u00e9c\u00e8s li\u00e9s au terrorisme dans le monde en 2022. Au Sahel, le nombre de ces d\u00e9c\u00e8s a augment\u00e9 de 2.000\u00a0% entre 2007 et 2022, selon l\u2019Indice global du terrorisme 2023.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, le Niger n\u2019\u00e9tait pas aussi affect\u00e9 par les extr\u00e9mistes violents que ses voisins du Mali et du Burkina Faso car c\u2019\u00e9tait le seul des trois pays \u00e0 constater une baisse de la violence l\u2019an dernier, selon l\u2019ACLED (Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project).<\/p>\n

Cette tendance pourrait \u00eatre invers\u00e9e si les extr\u00e9mistes pensent que l\u2019arm\u00e9e malienne est divis\u00e9e par le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat et essaient d\u2019\u00e9tendre leur port\u00e9e, selon les analystes. C\u2019\u00e9tait le cas pour le Burkina Faso apr\u00e8s son deuxi\u00e8me coup d\u2019\u00c9tat en neuf mois en septembre 2022.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Je suppose que le Niger va maintenant suivre un sc\u00e9nario similaire\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare \u00e0 l\u2019AP Ulf Laessing, directeur du programme du Sahel \u00e0 la fondation Konrad Adenauer qui encourage la d\u00e9mocratie. Il ajoute que le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat mettra sans doute fin au dialogue qui avait r\u00e9cemment commenc\u00e9 entre les extr\u00e9mistes et le gouvernement.<\/p>\n

Depuis son lieu de captivit\u00e9, le pr\u00e9sident destitu\u00e9 Mohamed Bazoum a fait appel \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance contre le coup, ce qui suscite des craintes de conflit civil.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident nig\u00e9rian Bola Tinubu a qualifi\u00e9 la situation de \u00ab\u00a0test d\u00e9cisif pour la d\u00e9mocratie en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest\u00a0\u00bb. Les deux pays sont des alli\u00e9s strat\u00e9giques dans la lutte contre l\u2019extr\u00e9misme violent et M.\u00a0Tinubu pr\u00e9side la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des \u00e9tats d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest qui a sanctionn\u00e9 la junte ayant d\u00e9clar\u00e9 gouverner le Niger apr\u00e8s le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/p>\n

Ayant caus\u00e9 le d\u00e9sarroi qui a incit\u00e9 les juntes \u00e0 saisir le pouvoir au Burkina Faso, en Guin\u00e9e, au Mali et au Niger, les extr\u00e9mistes peuvent maintenant r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 \u00e9tablir une gouvernance concurrente dans la r\u00e9gion. Au Burkina Faso, les acteurs non \u00e9tatiques contr\u00f4lent aujourd\u2019hui plus de 40\u00a0% du territoire.<\/p>\n

Un rapport de l\u2019Institut norv\u00e9gien des affaires internationales de 2021 intitul\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019examen de la gouvernance djihadiste au Sahel\u00a0\u00bb est l\u2019un des premiers efforts acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 \u00e9tudier la dynamique de la gouvernance extr\u00e9miste dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

Le rapport a mentionn\u00e9 plusieurs caract\u00e9ristiques communes aux groupes extr\u00e9mistes. Ils souhaitent souvent mettre en \u0153uvre la charia par la force et ne reconnaissent pas les fronti\u00e8res internationales. Ils fournissent des ressources pour assurer les services civils et la justice en formant des cadres id\u00e9ologiques et organisant des comit\u00e9s pour arbitrer les d\u00e9saccords. Ils cherchent aussi \u00e0 attirer les combattants \u00e9trangers, le financement et le soutien aupr\u00e8s de sources ext\u00e9rieures.<\/p>\n

Le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat du Niger fait aussi craindre l\u2019infiltration des mercenaires du groupe Wagner de Russie. C\u2019\u00e9tait le cas au Mali apr\u00e8s son deuxi\u00e8me coup d\u2019\u00c9tat en neuf mois en mai 2021. D\u00e8s le mois de d\u00e9cembre de la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, les combattants de la Wagner \u00e9taient sur le sol malien.<\/p>\n

Le chaos en a r\u00e9sult\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Au Mali, le groupe a pris pour cible les civils pendant des attaques dans les r\u00e9gions de Mopti, Koulikoro, S\u00e9gou et Tombouctou. Des centaines de civils sont morts dans ces attaques, y compris le massacre de plus de 500\u00a0civils \u00e0 Moura dans la r\u00e9gion de Mopti en mars 2022.<\/p>\n

Dans l\u2019ensemble, 71\u00a0% des engagements de violence politique de la Wagner au Mali ont pris la forme d\u2019attaques contre les civils, selon l\u2019ACLED.<\/p>\n

La junte du Niger a demand\u00e9 l\u2019aide de Wagner au d\u00e9but ao\u00fbt.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ils ont besoin [de la Wagner] parce qu\u2019elle deviendra une garantie pour rester au pouvoir\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare \u00e0 l\u2019AP Wassim Nasr, Research Fellow principal au Centre Soufan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les terroristes du Jamaat Nosrat al-Islam wal-Mouslimin (JNIM) ont enlev\u00e9 Boubacar Moussa au Niger en 2019 et l\u2019ont forc\u00e9 \u00e0 se battre pour eux au Mali. M.\u00a0Moussa \u00e9tait avec le JNIM lorsque le Mali a \u00e9t\u00e9 sujet au premier de ses deux r\u00e9cents coups d\u2019\u00c9tat, en 2020. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, dit-il, de nombreux extr\u00e9mistes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":108529,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[488,487,539],"class_list":{"0":"post-108535","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-niger-fr","9":"tag-sahel-fr","10":"tag-terrorisme"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes analystes craignent que le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat du Niger n\u2019encourage les terroristes et n\u2019intensifie la violence au Sahel - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/08\/les-analystes-craignent-que-le-coup-detat-du-niger-nencourage-les-terroristes-et-nintensifie-la-violence-au-sahel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les analystes craignent que le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat du Niger n\u2019encourage les terroristes et n\u2019intensifie la violence au Sahel - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les terroristes du Jamaat Nosrat al-Islam wal-Mouslimin (JNIM) ont enlev\u00e9 Boubacar Moussa au Niger en 2019 et l\u2019ont forc\u00e9 \u00e0 se battre pour eux au Mali. 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