{"id":108144,"date":"2023-07-25T14:26:34","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T18:26:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=108144"},"modified":"2023-07-25T14:27:17","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T18:27:17","slug":"lattaque-dun-avant-poste-des-forces-de-defense-du-kenya-confirme-que-les-shebabs-emploient-des-drones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/07\/lattaque-dun-avant-poste-des-forces-de-defense-du-kenya-confirme-que-les-shebabs-emploient-des-drones\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019attaque d\u2019un avant-poste des Forces de d\u00e9fense du Kenya confirme que les shebabs emploient des drones"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

Les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 k\u00e9nyanes ont intensifi\u00e9 leurs op\u00e9rations le long de la fronti\u00e8re du pays avec la Somalie, d\u2019une longueur de 680\u00a0km, en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 de r\u00e9centes attaques conduites par les shebabs.<\/p>\n

Ces derniers, qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vaincus maintes fois par l\u2019Arm\u00e9e nationale somalienne (SNA), ont lanc\u00e9 des attaques contre des cibles en \u00c9thiopie, au Kenya et en Ouganda, pour se venger de la participation de ces pays dans l\u2019Atmis, ou mission de transition de l\u2019Union africaine en Somalie.<\/p>\n

Une s\u00e9rie d\u2019attaques conduites par les shebabs contre les avant-postes des Forces de d\u00e9fense du Kenya dans les comt\u00e9s de Garissa, Lamu et Mandera Nord ont forc\u00e9 le gouvernement \u00e0 suspendre son plan de r\u00e9ouverture des passages frontaliers avec la Somalie.<\/p>\n

Lors d\u2019une r\u00e9cente attaque sur un avant-poste militaire \u00e0 Sirari, les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ont tu\u00e9 un kamikaze pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 et abattu un drone que les combattants des shebabs utilisaient pour recueillir des renseignements avant l\u2019attaque.<\/p>\n

L\u2019incident de Sirari a confirm\u00e9 que les terroristes commencent \u00e0 int\u00e9grer des v\u00e9hicules a\u00e9riens sans humain \u00e0 bord (UAV), ou drones, de qualit\u00e9 commerciale dans leurs op\u00e9rations.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
AGENCE NATIONALE DE RENSEIGNEMENT ET DE S\u00c9CURIT\u00c9 DE SOMALIE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ceci fait craindre que les shebabs n\u2019intensifient leur utilisation des drones \u00e0 des fins plus vastes de surveillance et de reconnaissance\u00a0\u00bb, a \u00e9crit r\u00e9cemment la chercheuse Ana Aguilera pour le Global Network on Extremism and Technology.<\/p>\n

Cette expansion pourrait signifier la collecte d\u2019informations strat\u00e9giques sur des cibles potentielles, l\u2019\u00e9valuation des forces ennemies, l\u2019identification de l\u2019infrastructure et la localisation des sites vuln\u00e9rables, ajoute-t-elle.<\/p>\n

Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, les shebabs n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 capables de militariser leurs drones en ajoutant des explosifs ou autre armement, comme l\u2019a fait Boko Haram dans le bassin du lac Tchad. C\u2019est dans une grande mesure parce que le groupe emploie des drones disponibles sur le march\u00e9 qui ont tendance \u00e0 \u00eatre trop petits pour transporter une charge utile.<\/p>\n

Les gros drones de qualit\u00e9 militaire sont on\u00e9reux et vendus en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral seulement \u00e0 des acteurs d\u2019\u00e9tat. Tout drone vol\u00e9 ou captur\u00e9 serait trac\u00e9 facilement s\u2019il tombait entre les mains des shebabs, selon Mme\u00a0Aguilera.<\/p>\n

Les drones sont devenus un outil vital appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 par les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 aussi bien que par les groupes terroristes au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Les forces arm\u00e9es africaines ont investi dans un m\u00e9lange de technologies de drone en provenance de toute la plan\u00e8te. Dans bien des cas, les drones l\u00e9gers commerciaux pris\u00e9s par les shebabs et d\u2019autres groupes terroristes sont fabriqu\u00e9s en Chine.<\/p>\n

L\u2019analyste Karen Allen a \u00e9crit r\u00e9cemment pour le Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques de l\u2019Afrique (CESA)\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019emploi des UAV [drones] repr\u00e9sente une nouvelle it\u00e9ration de la technologie du num\u00e9rique.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les drones peuvent fournir \u00e0 leurs utilisateurs des renseignements transhorizon. Ceux dot\u00e9s d\u2019une technologie infrarouge peuvent fonctionner dans l\u2019obscurit\u00e9, ce qui leur permet d\u2019\u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pendant la nuit. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, le faible profil des drones les rend difficiles \u00e0 d\u00e9celer et difficiles \u00e0 abattre.<\/p>\n

Alors que les shebabs continuent \u00e0 utiliser les drones \u00e0 des fins d\u2019observation et de collecte de renseignements, ce ne sera peut-\u00eatre qu\u2019une question de temps avant que le groupe ne trouve un moyen de les militariser, selon le chercheur H\u00e5vard Haugstvedt de l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Stavanger (Norv\u00e8ge).<\/p>\n

Dans un article publi\u00e9 dans le Journal of Strategic Security, il note que l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique et al-Qa\u00efda ont chacun d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 des drones militaris\u00e9s pour les employer dans les conflits du Moyen-Orient. Les deux groupes sont actifs en Afrique, ce qui fait craindre qu\u2019ils n\u2019am\u00e8nent cette technologie sur le continent.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Puisque les UAV sont disponibles sur les march\u00e9s du monde entier, les groupes qui ont une exp\u00e9rience de fabrication de bombe et de bonnes connaissances techniques g\u00e9n\u00e9rales pourraient d\u00e9velopper eux-m\u00eames des variations locales et des adaptations de ce que font les groupes extr\u00e9mistes au Moyen-Orient depuis une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit le Dr\u00a0Haugstvedt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 k\u00e9nyanes ont intensifi\u00e9 leurs op\u00e9rations le long de la fronti\u00e8re du pays avec la Somalie, d\u2019une longueur de 680\u00a0km, en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 de r\u00e9centes attaques conduites par les shebabs. Ces derniers, qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vaincus maintes fois par l\u2019Arm\u00e9e nationale somalienne (SNA), ont lanc\u00e9 des attaques contre des cibles<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":108134,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[484,465,538],"class_list":{"0":"post-108144","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-extremisme","9":"tag-kenya-fr","10":"tag-somalie"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019attaque d\u2019un avant-poste des Forces de d\u00e9fense du Kenya confirme que les shebabs emploient des drones - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/07\/lattaque-dun-avant-poste-des-forces-de-defense-du-kenya-confirme-que-les-shebabs-emploient-des-drones\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019attaque d\u2019un avant-poste des Forces de d\u00e9fense du Kenya confirme que les shebabs emploient des drones - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Les forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 k\u00e9nyanes ont intensifi\u00e9 leurs op\u00e9rations le long de la fronti\u00e8re du pays avec la Somalie, d\u2019une longueur de 680\u00a0km, en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 de r\u00e9centes attaques conduites par les shebabs. 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