{"id":106798,"date":"2023-06-20T14:37:54","date_gmt":"2023-06-20T18:37:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/?p=106798"},"modified":"2023-06-20T14:38:49","modified_gmt":"2023-06-20T18:38:49","slug":"des-approches-terrestres-sont-necessaires-pour-eliminer-la-piraterie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/fr\/2023\/06\/des-approches-terrestres-sont-necessaires-pour-eliminer-la-piraterie\/","title":{"rendered":"Des approches terrestres sont n\u00e9cessaires pour \u00e9liminer la piraterie"},"content":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF<\/p>\n

Des pirates ont attaqu\u00e9 un p\u00e9trolier-chimiquier danois appel\u00e9 Monjasa Reformer en mars, \u00e0 environ 140 milles marins au large des c\u00f4tes de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s ont plus tard retrouv\u00e9 le navire au large des c\u00f4tes de Sao Tom\u00e9-et-Principe mais six membres de l\u2019\u00e9quipage, sur un total de seize, avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 enlev\u00e9s. L\u2019attaque a soulign\u00e9 le fait que, bien que la piraterie soit en baisse dans le monde et en Afrique, cette menace n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9limin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Les marines des pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest et d\u2019ailleurs, y compris la marine danoise, ont r\u00e9cemment intensifi\u00e9 leurs patrouilles dans la r\u00e9gion mais Danish Shipping, une organisation de propri\u00e9taires de navires, fait appel \u00e0 davantage de mesures.<\/p>\n

\u00ab La situation actuelle montre clairement que la plupart des pays de la r\u00e9gion n\u2019ont pas les ressources ou les capacit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 un tel incident \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 l\u2019organisation peu apr\u00e8s l\u2019attaque.<\/p>\n

Des approches terrestres<\/p>\n

Un rapport r\u00e9cent sur le blog MariTimesCrimes affirme que, bien qu\u2019une meilleure coop\u00e9ration r\u00e9gionale et internationale en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime soit efficace, les gouvernements devraient aussi \u0153uvrer pour faire face aux causes terrestres de la piraterie. Le rapport a analys\u00e9 les facteurs qui contribuent \u00e0 la piraterie en Somalie et en Indon\u00e9sie.<\/p>\n

Dans les eaux somaliennes, autour de la Corne de l\u2019Afrique et dans le golfe de Guin\u00e9e, les gens qui commencent \u00e0 pratiquer la piraterie sont souvent des p\u00eacheurs de petite \u00e9chelle dont le territoire a \u00e9t\u00e9 envahi depuis des dizaines d\u2019ann\u00e9es par les flottes de p\u00eache \u00e9trang\u00e8res en eaux distantes qui p\u00eachent souvent ill\u00e9galement. Les flottes \u00e9trang\u00e8res emploient typiquement des pratiques destructrices pour attraper sans discrimination le plus de poissons possible tout en d\u00e9truisant les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes qui sont cruciaux pour la survie de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
La brigade d\u2019intervention rapide du Cameroun participe \u00e0 un exercice anti-piraterie. MA\u00ceTRE 2E CLASSE JASON HOWARD\/MARINE DES \u00c9TATS-UNIS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

De ce fait, les stocks de poissons diminuent autour du continent et les communaut\u00e9s de p\u00eache locales ont des filets vides. Ceci a forc\u00e9 certains p\u00eacheurs artisanaux \u00e0 se tourner vers d\u2019autres moyens de subsistance, par exemple en rejoignant une bande de pirates, avec des revenus qui peuvent \u00eatre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 cinq fois plus que ceux de la p\u00eache l\u00e9gale.<\/p>\n

Le rapport de MariTimesCrimes demande aux gouvernements d\u2019investir dans les programmes de d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019infrastructure, de connectivit\u00e9 et de bien-\u00eatre social pour affronter les probl\u00e8mes socio\u00e9conomiques qui alimentent la piraterie.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Ceci inclut l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de l\u2019\u00e9ducation, des soins de sant\u00e9, des opportunit\u00e9s d\u2019emploi et des moyens de subsistance durables dans les r\u00e9gions c\u00f4ti\u00e8res affect\u00e9es, selon le rapport. En aidant \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un cadre juridique robuste, en am\u00e9liorant les capacit\u00e9s de police et en renfor\u00e7ant les structures de gouvernance, la stabilit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme des pays affect\u00e9s s\u2019am\u00e9liorera. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Des efforts am\u00e9lior\u00e9s, des r\u00e9sultats positifs<\/p>\n

Le rapport de MariTimesCrimes exhorte aussi les \u00e9tats c\u00f4tiers \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer leurs efforts de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime tels que les patrouilles navales, la collaboration avec les marines internationales, les gardes c\u00f4ti\u00e8res et les agences de police locales.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est le cas dans de nombreuses r\u00e9gions du continent.<\/p>\n

Les centres de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime tels que le Centre de fusion des informations maritimes r\u00e9gionales \u00e0 Madagascar, le Centre r\u00e9gional pour la coordination op\u00e9rationnelle aux Seychelles et le Centre r\u00e9gional de vigilance, contr\u00f4le et surveillance du Ghana recueillent tous les donn\u00e9es des navires de p\u00eache soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s de commettre des crimes en mer. Leurs informations aident souvent les alli\u00e9s locaux, r\u00e9gionaux et internationaux \u00e0 collaborer pour les arrestations en mer.<\/p>\n

Une telle collaboration a fourni des r\u00e9sultats positifs. Selon l\u2019Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, il y a eu 81 incidents de piraterie dans le golfe de Guin\u00e9e en 2020, ce qui en a fait le premier point sensible du monde pour la piraterie et la p\u00eache ill\u00e9gale. Toutefois, il n\u2019y a eu que 34 incidents de piraterie en 2021 et 19 en 2022.<\/p>\n

La baisse de la piraterie fait plaisir aux analystes tels que Michael Howlett, directeur du Bureau maritime international (BMI), qui d\u00e9clare que davantage d\u2019efforts doivent \u00eatre faits.<\/p>\n

Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 defenceWeb \u00e0 la fin 2022 : \u00ab Bien que le BMI applaudisse ces mesures, il fait aussi appel aux \u00e9tats c\u00f4tiers du golfe de Guin\u00e9e pour qu\u2019ils accroissent leur collaboration et leur pr\u00e9sence physique dans leurs eaux afin d\u2019assurer une solution \u00e0 long terme et durable pour faire face au crime de piraterie et de vol \u00e0 main arm\u00e9e dans la r\u00e9gion. \u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Des pirates ont attaqu\u00e9 un p\u00e9trolier-chimiquier danois appel\u00e9 Monjasa Reformer en mars, \u00e0 environ 140 milles marins au large des c\u00f4tes de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Les autorit\u00e9s ont plus tard retrouv\u00e9 le navire au large des c\u00f4tes de Sao Tom\u00e9-et-Principe mais six membres de l\u2019\u00e9quipage, sur un total de seize, avaient<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":106785,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[331],"tags":[552,551,1028,538],"class_list":{"0":"post-106798","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dernieres-nouvelles","8":"tag-golfe-de-guinee","9":"tag-peche-illegale","10":"tag-piraterie","11":"tag-somalie"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDes approches terrestres sont n\u00e9cessaires pour \u00e9liminer la piraterie - Africa Defense Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adf-magazine.com\/2023\/06\/land-based-approaches-necessary-to-eliminate-piracy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des approches terrestres sont n\u00e9cessaires pour \u00e9liminer la piraterie - Africa Defense Forum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PERSONNEL D\u2019ADF Des pirates ont attaqu\u00e9 un p\u00e9trolier-chimiquier danois appel\u00e9 Monjasa Reformer en mars, \u00e0 environ 140 milles marins au large des c\u00f4tes de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. 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